CV: software professional Essay

To achieve excellence in working as a software professional offering solutions to business using the best available technology where my analytical abilities , programming quest are used to maximum for growth of the organisation and to grow with the organisation. Professional Qualification: Bachelor of Chemical Engineering from Regional Engg. College, Durgapur, India(1992-96). Post Graduate Diploma in Computer Applications from MCA APEL,India (1996-97). Professional Summary: A Web applications developer with over 5 years experience in software development, primarily using Java related technologies. Have been involved in requirement gathering, system analysis, design and development phases of software development life cycle. Technical strengths include distributed application architecture design, object-oriented analysis and coding (Java), database design and coding, and general dynamic web programming(EJB, Servlets, JSP, XML) I am a good team player possessing Excellent Communication and Inter-personal skills, and a quick learner. Developed an Order Entry System for providing our customers an online application to search and order more 22,000 products offered. Multi-tier architecture was implemented for developing this enterprise level application to guarantee reliable and secure service. WebLogic was used as the application server and Oracle as our database. EJB2. 0 was the middle tier between the front end and the backend Oracle database. 4. Project Title : eOrgMan Environment : JAVA, JSP, Oracle, JavaScript, HTML Role : Coding, design and testing. Description : Java based web-enabled Organizational Management software to facilitate easy day-to-day maintenance of any organization of any size. Some of its features include Time-Management of employees, Leave Management, Salary Calculator, Query based employee information, Sales Tracking system etc. Any specialized function of an organization can be customized for tracking, supports for Product/Project Management, and Bug Tracking system for Software organizations. 5. Project Title : Business Transaction Maintenance and & Report Mailing System Environment : JAVA, JSP, Oracle Role : Design and coding. Description : The project keeps track of all the business transactions of PolyCab Cables such as Introduction letter, Enquiry, Quotation, Orders, Bills and Payments. Daily each representative reports the status of the proposed projects,pending quotations, orders and payments to the branch office and the branch office in turn sends this consolidated weekly report to head office through mail. Reports are generated to estimate the total sales of a cable representative wise, dealer wise, cable wise and about the payments receivable. 6. Project Title : Time Reporting and Tracking System Environment : JAVA, JSP, Oracle Role : Coding. Description : The Time Report and Tracking System Project is WEB-based to allow flexible reporting and data extraction .

Ideology of Pakistan

Definition of Ideology: Science of ideas, visionary speculations, and manner of thinking, characteristic of a class or individual, ideas on the basis of some economic, social or political theory or system is called Ideology. It contains those ideals, which a nation strives to accomplish in order to bring stability to its nationhood. Defining ideology, George Lewis say, â€Å"Ideology is a plan or program which is based upon philosophy† Ideology of Pakistan: Pakistan is an ideological state and the ideology of Pakistan is an Islamic ideology. Its basic principle being The only sovereign is Allah: Islam acted as a nation building force before the establishment of Pakistan. Ideology of Pakistan basically means that Pakistan should be a state where the Muslims should have an opportunity to live according to the faith and creed based on the Islamic principles. They should have all the resources at their disposal to enhance Islamic culture and civilization. Quaid-e-Azam said Pakistan was created the day the first Indian national entered the field of Islam. From the above statement, it is clear that Ideology of Pakistan is an Islamic one. Two Nation Concepts: The fundamental concept of Ideology is that Muslims should get a separate identity. They should have a separate state where they could live according to Islamic rules and principles, profess their religion freely and safeguard Islamic tradition. On one occasion Quaid-e-Azam said, The Muslims demand Pakistan where they can rule in accordance with their own system of life, their cultural development, their traditions and Islamic laws. Thus, this fundamental concept of Ideology led to the concept of two nations in the Sub Continent and resulted in the formation of Pakistan. Elements of Ideology of Pakistan: 1. Hindus and Muslims belong to two different religious philosophers, social customs, and literatures. They belong to two different civilizations which are based mainly on conflicting ideas and conceptions. Therefore, Muslim nation demanded a separate homeland where they could have the freedom to practice their religion and live their lives as free individuals of an independent country. There are five principles/elements of the ideological foundation of Pakistan. 1. Islam 2. Two Nation Theory 3. Territorial Land 4. Democratic System 5. Urdu Language 1. Islam, a Nation-Building Force: Pakistan came into being on the basis of Islam. It was only Islam, which galvanized Muslims and lined them up behind Muslim League. Other factors, political and economic ones, also played some part in uniting Muslims to struggle for Pakistan but Islam was the preponderant factor as it serves as a cementing force for Muslim society and is the primary link between Muslims the world over. Everything else follows Islam. The entire struggle of the Muslims of the subcontinent was to have a state where they could freely maintain their Islamic entity. No other factor was so clear and intelligible for Muslim masses. Muslims gradually developed a national consciousness in the Indo-Pakistan subcontinent; they collectively struggled for the right of self-determination and the establishment of an independent homeland to be carved out from those territories where they constituted majorities where Islam could be accepted as the ideal pattern for the individual’s life. They eventually secured what they wanted. Hence, the historical fact which could not be denied is that the formation of the Muslim nation preceded the demand for a homeland. Pakistan itself did not give birth to any nation; on the contrary, the Muslim nation struggled for and brought Pakistan into being. Quaid-e-Azam said, We do not demand Pakistan simply to have a piece of land but we want a laboratory where we could experiment on Islamic principles. Islamic ideology is not merely a matter of belief, dogma and ritual. It is a religion in the wider sense of the word. It is a way of life, a whole complex of social and moral norms entwined with theological metaphysics. The fundamental teachings of Islam are universally accepted. Belief in God, finality of prophet-hood, human rights and social justice, management of affairs through consensus, moral values of charitableness, tolerance and universal brotherhood; these are sonic of the cardinal principles enshrined by the Quran and Sunnah. The only force which keeps Muslim nation united is Islam which is the ideological foundation of Pakistan. 2. Two-Nation Theory: The Two Nation Theory was the basis of struggle for creation of Pakistan. It implies that Muslims of Subcontinent were a nation quite distinct and separate from the Hindus. They in spite of living together for centuries could not forget their individual cultures and civilization. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan was the first to give the wake up call and decided to prepare Muslims to fight the advertisity with similar weapons – modern education and knowledge, employed for domination. With him, his Aligarh Movement, his books and magazine Tahzibul Akhlaq, he started an awareness movement. He prepared the ground for uniting and galvanizing Muslim community of the subcontinent. His colleagues including Nawab Mohsinul Mulk and others created conditions which led to the establishment of All-India Muslim League in Dhaka in 1906, a landmark in the history of Pakistan Movement. On March 22, 1940 in his presidential address to the All-India Muslim League Lahore session, the founder of Pakistan Muhammad Ali Jinnah made it plain that, The Hindus and the Muslims belong to two different religious philosophies, social customs and literature. They neither intermarry, nor interline together, and indeed they belong to two different civilizations which are based mainly on conflicting ideas and conceptions. This was not a matter of mere hair-splitting but an everyday fact of life, which one cannot fail to feel in almost every sphere of human activity. This then is the crux and substance of the Two Nation Theory, which formed the basis of British India's partition in two independent Hindu and Muslim States. The Hindu majority areas of India formed India and the Muslims majority regions came together under the unique name of Pakistan. On the same premises Quaid-e-Azam dismissed the wishes of the Hindu and the British colonialists for a joint Hindu Muslim nationhood as a pipe dream. With single-minded devotion be fought against this menace and succeeded in getting the idea of a separate Muslim identity recognized. In the 28th Annual Session of the Muslim League in 1941 in Madras, Quaid-e-Azam formally declared this objective as the ideology of the Muslim League. It is this very ideology which is the second important ingredient of ideology of Pakistan. . Territorial Land: Amongst constitutes of ideology of Pakistan, land is the third important element. A piece of land was necessary for the existence, stabilization and promotion of Islamic ideology as soul requires body. Quaid-e-Azam said in his address to Punjab Muslim Students Federation in March 1941, Nothing would be achieved simply by raising slogans for nation. We are one nation and the nation cannot survive in the air, it requires an independent land to settle where it can rule and our demand is the same. However, All-India Muslim League demanded a separate homeland constituting the areas in which the Muslims are numerically in a majority such as in the North-Western and Eastern zones of India on March 23, 1940. With Jinnah's untiring efforts, indomitable will, and dauntless courage, he united the Indian Muslims under the banner of the Muslim League and carved out a homeland for them within 7 years, despite stiff opposition from the Hindu Congress and the British Government. 4. Democratic System: In an Islamic state, all the affairs are decided on the basis of Shariat (Democracy). In other words, the entire social, economic, political and the cultural affairs are operated on the basis of mutual consensus and Islamic democracy. The same system has also been referred in Surah Al-Imram, Muhammad (P. B. U. H) used to operate all the state affairs after discussing with his Sahabas (companions), when this questions rose that what would be the system of government in Pakistan, it should, no doubt, be Islamic. Islamic system of government is Islamic democracy or system of Shariat. Creation of Pakistan is the glorious example of ijma-e-ummat (national consensus). At the time of establishment of Pakistan, referendum was held in all the Muslim majority provinces to take their consent to the included in Pakistan. Sharai system of state, therefore, is the fifth ingredient of Pakistan. 5. Urdu Language: Language is not a fundamental characteristic of a nation, but still remains one of the features by which a nation may be distinguished or one of the grounds on which nationalism may be founded. In the sub-continent, Urdu was considered to be the language of Muslims and Hindi to the Hindus. During the last days of the Muslim rule, Urdu emerged as the most common language of the northwestern provinces of India. It was declared the official language, and all official records were written in this language. In 1867, some prominent Hindus started a movement in Banaras in which they demanded the replacement of Urdu with Hindi, and the Persian script with the Deva Nagri script, as the court language in the northwestern provinces. The reason for opposing Urdu was that the language was written in Persian script, which was similar to the Arabic Script, and Arabic was the language of the Quran, the Holy Book of the Muslims. The movement grew quickly and within a few months spread throughout the Hindu population of the northwestern provinces of India. This situation provoked the Muslims to come out in order to protect the importance of the Urdu language. The opposition by the Hindus towards the Urdu language made it clear to the Muslims that Hindus were not ready to tolerate the culture and traditions of the Muslims. So Muslims also began to think about establishing a political party of their own for their survival and centralizing their efforts to have their rights. Consequently, All India Muslim League was established in December 30, 1906. The Urdu-Hindi controversy completely altered Sir Syed's point of view. He had been a great advocate of Hindu-Muslim unity but after this event he put forward the Two-Nation Theory, predicting that the differences between the two groups would increase with the passage of time and the two communities would not join together in anything wholeheartedly. Maulvi Abdul Haque aptly said, Urdu is the first brick in the foundation of Pakistan. Importance of Ideology in National Life: Ideology is a motivating force for a nation, which is striving hard to bring stability and homogeneity to its nation hood. It provides the binding force to the scattered groups in a society and brings them close to each other on a common platform. Ideologies impel their adherence to follow a joint linked action for the accomplishment of their goal. Ideologies give shape to the revolutions and create new cultures and civilizations. They stress on their adherents to insist on the realization of their ideal through total transformation of society. Conclusion: The fundamental concept of the ideology of Pakistan is that Muslims are separate nation having their own culture, literature, religion and way of life. They cannot be merged in any other nation. They should be able to develop their culture and religious traditions in an Islamic State and they should be able to create a true Islamic society for themselves. Thus the ideology of Pakistan which developed through the period of Mohammad Bin Qasim and others and followed by political leaders like Quaid-e-Azam was materialized in 1947.

An exploration into irony, its meaning, and its consequences in Romeo and Juliet Essay

An exploration into irony, its meaning, and its consequences in Romeo and Juliet Essay Incongruity between what might be expected and what actually occurs; this is the definition of irony, but what really is it? The answer, though not told in this essay, is definitely well explained through examples from William Shakespeares The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet. This play is filled with paradoxical happenings that ultimately lead to the death of the hero and heroine. Of them, we see circumstances dealing with verbal, dramatic, and situational irony. To help with describing the definition better, we shall go into each of these types of ironies in turn.First, lets take a look at verbal irony. Verbal irony is basically sarcasm, saying something that means something completely different. We see it in R and J at the beginning when Romeo first meets Juliet and talks philosophically about pilgrims and praying. We see it again when the nurse talks about Juliets age and marriage later on in the same act. It both places, the speaking characters have an underlying meaning to what they really are saying, they are superb examples of verbal irony. Next, we have dramatic irony. Dramatic irony is when the audience knows something the characters do not. This type of irony plays a crucial role in Romeo and Juliet because it is what, in the end, leads to the demise of our heroes. We mainly see this in the end of the play when we learn of Juliets faked death and Romeo has not. We also see it at the death of Tybalt who was completely unaware that he would set Romeo into a killing rage and lose his life to it. These both are cases of dramatic irony.Thirdly and probably most importantly, is situational irony. This is when the story takes a completely different turn than expected by the readers and the characters. I say this plays the most important role in the play because it is what brings us to the death of Romeo and Juliet through the friar. You see, we play into its trap when the friar gives Juliet the potion and we believe that everything is going to be fine. Only later do we find out that it is his failure to plan that kills the young lovers. In the end, it is situational irony that makes the story of Romeo and Juliet a tragedy. Through this essay, we have generally learned what irony is through examples in the text Romeo and Juliet. We have looked at what ironys three main types are and examples. There was verbal irony, such as at the beginning of the play. There was also dramatic irony such as Juliets fake death. Finally, the play went out with a bang by using situational irony.Hopefully, by going into these types of irony, irony itself is better understood.

Germany Classes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 59

Germany Classes - Essay Example This study highlights that from this classroom discussions, it seems that the Germans are very proud of their autobahns. They seem to be a source of national pride in some ways. The reporter has never been to Germany, but he hopes to see the country some day. He would like to experience driving on the autobahn so he can better understand how this highway system fits into the national character of Germans. According to the study the most important thing that he learned in this class was about Germany’s role in World War II. The reporter knows that this is a favorite topic of many historians because the conflict was so big and has so many different aspects that can be studied. He thinks it is important to see the role that Germany played in this global conflict by looking at the issues from a western point of view as well as from a German point of view. Learning how the outcome of World War I and the treaty that was signed there actually contributed to the start of World War II and the rise of the National Socialist party is an important lesson. He thinks it is easy to just look at Germany as the bad guy in World War II and then leave it at that. An important lesson that this class has taught him is that there are always two sides to a conflict. The Germans viewed everyone else as the bad guy. Understanding why this was is an important less on modern politics. I think the lesson from German history needs to be that a nation or a culture will do horrible things if they feel as though they are going to be ruined or exterminated.  

Tescos Competitive Marketing Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Tescos Competitive Marketing Strategy - Essay Example As the discussion highlights  Tesco commenced its trading activities in 1924in UK and as on date, it is having more than 2979 stores in UK, and it earned net revenue of  £43 billion in 2012 with UKs net profit being  £ 2.5 billion in 2012. In UK, Tesco is the leading supermarket and about one-third of UK’s selling space and 66% of total sales all the supermarkets in UK are catered by Tesco. Tesco is having hypermarkets, convenience stores and superstores.From this paper it is clear that  Tesco’s core strategies are as follows: to concentrate more on the UK’s core ; to become the world leading retailer in online   sales and stores; Tesco is a market leader in food items and wants to be stronger in other products also; to concentrate to develop the retail services in all our markets; to develop and own high-value brands.  Tesco is having its operations in the following countries viz. USA, Europe –Turkey, Czech Republic , Poland ,Hungary, Slovakia and Republic of Ireland, Asia – India , China , South Korea , Malaysia and Thailand.  In the last two decades, Tesco had witnessed teething issues in its aggressive marketing plans.   Tesco witnessed a fall in sales due to well structured and impregnated supermarkets in the UK, a lot of impediments in getting plan approval for its large superstores, witnessed cutthroat competition from Safeway, Asda & Sainsbury.  Tesco’ growth and success over the past three decades rest upon its transformation of image and strategy.. Tesco has to change its marketing strategy to sell various kinds of customers namely lower, middle and upper class consumers with an inclusive offer stratagem, and their market strategy is to sell high quality products at a realistic price. In 1998, it introduced the finest range of premium products and was followed by the introduction of Tesco’s Organic range, which was introduced in 2006. Later, it introduced Tesco’s Healthy Living â€Å"range of products and in 2008, it introduced â€Å"Value â€Å"range products to attract the price-conscious clients, mainly to meet the confronts thrown by the recent economic recession. Tesco is able to attain high revenues by developing a vast range of own brands. Tesco has shifted its core business strategy to maximise the customer’s value from that of maximising shareholders’ value. (Aaker & McLaughlin 2010:128). Tesco has evolved a diversification strategy footed upon on four core areas: expanding and innovating in the main UK grocery market and diversify into segments like convinient stores; expanding into non-food businesses like health, clothing , beauty , DVDs , CDs and diversified into developing into its own non-food Value and Finest ranges; diversified into retail service provinces like personal finance for utilities and telecoms by signing joint ventures with local players ; it concentrated into its international expansion, which successfully accounted for one-fourth of its sales in the year 2008-09 . (Aaker & McLaughlin 2010:128). Global Positioning According to Sheth, a company’s marketing strategies should be fine-tuned in the phase of

ENVM510_M5GradedAssign Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ENVM510_M5GradedAssign - Assignment Example In the study related in the question, potential bias could stem from the following aspects; selection of samples, estimation biases, detection biases, exclusion bias, analytical bias and reporting bias. These biases all affected the results of the research in one way or another. The selection bias relates to bias that arises from the selection of samples for the study. These lead to a control of the results and hence a sense of bias. Estimation biases guide the study in making estimates or drawing conclusions in a study. Detection bias refers to the prejudiced mind in detecting the aspect of study. The mind would have the research emphasize a specific set of people while ignoring others that could easily prove helpful to the study. Exclusion bias comes in when a study seems to exclude a given set of people from the study yet could provide reasonable samples to provide a reasonable outcome. Exclusion could prove less professional in research and this could have the right people for the study closed out hence affecting the results. Analytical bias refers to that bias that arises in a research study due to poor evaluation techniques of the results. The analytical bias results at the analytical stage with many people evaluating the results badly due to the prejudicial state of their minds on the expected results of the study. Lastly, reporting bias arises from the last stages of a research. These contribute much to the report developed after that could have value based on the nature of information provided. The bias affects the research in the sense that it provides results reported with more inclination to the mindset that the researcher held during the process. The existence of bias in most of the material used for the research makes readers or the users obligated to identify the aspects of bias and their effects to the work at hand (Gerhard, 2008). Addressing the aspects of bias that exist in a research requires a thorough consideration

In Chapter VI, who did the horrors of slavery affect the most Douglas, Essay

In Chapter VI, who did the horrors of slavery affect the most Douglas, Mr. Auld or Mrs. Auld - Essay Example Mr. Auld and Mrs. Auld were Douglass’s masters and Mr. Auld deprived Douglass of the right of learning to read and write which he termed as completelymisplaced Douglass (2013). Douglass had to bear with Mr. Auld’s insults, and in a section of the chapter, Mr. Auld stated that niggers should not be allowed to learn, because the overall consequences of teaching a nigger would be independence. Douglass had to put up with constant abuse from his master which completely went against his rights as a human being. Douglass’sperception of education was centered on the fact that education was a form of freedom. He did not only have to put up with the poor treatment which allowed him little or no access to vital amenities, but Mr. Auld’s new approach completely denied him the right to knowledge. Douglass experiences around the neighborhood which were graced with the images of emaciated beings in the form of Mary and Henrietta who were enslaved at the Hamilton residen ce. Such experiences must have affected Douglass’spsychology due to the uncertainties that he had to grapple with in relation to his survival and

The Strategic Use of Information and Communication Technology Dissertation

The Strategic Use of Information and Communication Technology - Dissertation Example The findings of the paper reveals that majority of the SME enterprises have considered ICT as the catalyst of their business Apart from the gains that the SMEs are presently accruing from the use of the ICT in their operations the ICT can also be used to reap further gains by implementing the ICT in a more integrated and strategic manner (Maguire and Koh, 2007, 16). Franklin is of the opinion that the ICT can be used by the SMEs to improve their functioning. This would help in making the information about micro- credit facilities and production technology more accessible. Apart from this it facilitates the skills building of the organization by the method of distance learning (Franklin, 2006, 15). The three assets of the Information technology (IT) that is the human asset, the technology assets and the relationships assets helps in the planning, delivery and operation procedures in an organization (Ross, 1995, 16). The four pillars of IT in an organization are the â€Å"IT and the b usiness alignment†; â€Å"IT strategic planning†, â€Å"security and privacy† and â€Å"attracting, developing and retaining IT professionals†. ... Advertising and suggestions projected concerning the products of a firm is also a crucial step (Liebowitz and Khosrowpour, 1997, 221). Proper alignment of business activities is very much required in an organization. For instance, in case of Wal-Mart, information technology has been used in order to alter the model of business. The firm has allowed the suppliers to find place on the shelf of the company which would be paid for what they get (Light, 2005, 113). The study conducted by King and Teao reveals that the organizations which undertakes a strategic approach in their functioning emphasizes more on the use of the IT in their works than the other firms. The internal factors affecting the functioning of the organization lays down the need of strategic systems in their works. The strategic systems emphasizes on the need of IT in their works. This enables the smooth and efficient functioning of the organization (King and Teao, 1994, 10). The knowledge management, which is facilitate d by the use of ICT in the organization’s operation, enables the enterprise in utilizing its tangible and non-tangible knowledge resources can be used in a SME by locating and capturing the innovative ideas and strategies, by sharing the information about the procedures, which are cost effective (Menkhoff, Wah and Loh, 2004, 19-21; Melville, Kraemer, and Gurbaxani, 2004, 284). Pillania in his work talks about the catalytic role that the aligned knowledge management strategy plays in firm’s growth. But he also observes certain limitations of the KM (knowledge management) in boosting the growth of SMEs. Hence it is advisable for the firms to manage its knowledge base in way so that the challenges can be overcome

Analysis case with economics theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Analysis case with economics theory - Essay Example m a one-on-one interaction both between the students and with their tutors and employment opportunities that arise from physical learning institutions. Starting off with the costs, basic classroom learning doesn’t require any special equipment besides the usual paper and pen for the majority of the courses. Most campuses offer accommodation cheaply for their students besides subsidized meals. These ensure the costs are kept down so that more and more people can have the privilege of accessing university education. Compared to online learning, lots of costs are incurred with reference to high-speed internet costs, powerful computers and having to rent a house at high costs if one isn’t lucky enough to study from home. The advantage of having many students enables economies of scale and thus most costs can be cut for affordability’s sake. It is an advantage in the sense that students stay on the campus and focus on studying and developing other skills being aware that their other needs are taken care of. My second point for classroom learning is a lack of interaction among the students themselves and between the students and their teachers (Filimban 66). This leads to the students not developing their mental capabilities beyond what they know due to less challenges and the tendency to have ‘closed minds.’ Compared to classroom learning where students get to share ideas freely thus enhancing thinking capacities and developing better personalities through socializing with others, online learning only aims to impart knowledge and little else. It should thus be left to specialized graduates who have already developed their characters accordingly and need the special knowledge to further their professions. Online learning removes the natural and traditional hands-on experience where one learns through practical settings that ensure the lessons are absorbed and kept well. The fact that classroom learning brings the students into direct contact with their

Music Industry Analysis Essay Example for Free

Music Industry Analysis Essay Analysis on Music Instrument Industry of Bangladesh Analysis on Music Instrument Industry of Bangladesh Submitted to: Mr. Md. Saif Noman Khan Assistant Professor Submitted by: Md. Mashrur Rahman Khan(Zr-11) (Group Leader) Contact No. 01675694513 e-mail:[emailprotected] com Sayeed Shorif Russel(Zr-08) Adib Iqbal Umit(Zr-12) Abdullah Al Muyid(Zr-18) Saif Hasan(Zr-21) Shah Shihab Sadman (Zr-27) Fahmid Shawon(Zr-28) Shamsuddin Muhammad Ishtiaque(Zr-30) Al Imran Bin Khodadad(Zr-46) Nafiz Alam Khan(Zr-47) BBA 18 Institute of Business Administration University of DhakA December 20, 2010 Mr. Saif Noman Khan Assistant Professor Institute of Business Administration University of Dhaka Dear Sir: â€Å"SUBMISSION OF TERM PAPER† It is our distinct pleasure to hand over to you our term paper that fulfills the partial requirement of the Business Communication course (C103). Being the students of Business Administration, it has been more of an opportunity for us to be able to work on this report. The knowledge and first-hand experience that we gained while going out there and collecting relevant data and the networks we made while interviewing different personnel, are undoubtedly going to prove to our advantage once we step into the corporate world. This report, and the investigation behind it, was prepared under your direct supervision. We pledge that under no circumstances will any part of it be reproduced for any reason or be shared with anyone else without your written consent. Furthermore, we pledge that this report has not been submitted to any other faculty member of the Institute of Business Administration We tried to accommodate your invaluable comments and suggestions in our report. In this connection, should you need any further clarification, please feel free to contact us (the contact details are included in the title page). We would like to take this opportunity to express our gratitude to you for providing us with a thorough knowledge base of how to come up with an excellent report while enjoying doing so. We have been very enthusiastic about doing a good job on this report and hence are hoping that it would meet up to your expectations. Sincerely, Md. Mashrur Rahman Khan(Zr-11)| Sayeed Shorif Russel(Zr-08)| Adib Iqbal (Zr-12)| Abdullah Al Muyid(Zr-18)| Saif Hasan(Zr-21)| Shah Shihab Sadman (Zr-27)| Fahmid Shawon(Zr-28)| Shamsuddin Muhammad Ishtiaque(Zr-30)| Al Imran Bin Khodadad(Zr-46)| Nafiz Alam Khan(Zr-47)| Table of Contents Executive summaryvii 1. 0Introduction8 1. 1 Origin of the report8 1. 2 Objective8 1. 3 Scope9 1. 4 Limitations9 1. 5 Methodology9 1. 6 Historical Background10 2. 0 Music Instruments11 3. 0 Industry Structure14 3. 1 Background of the industry14 3. 2 Sales Trend15 3. 3 growth rate16 3. 4 growth potential17 3. 5 Industry composition17 3. 6 product composition18 4. 0 Analysis of Consumer Preferences18 4. 1 Survey Procedure18 4. 2 Survey Results18 5. 0 Analyzing the Market24 5. 1 Market trends24 5. 2 Market share25 5. 3 Market Growth26 5. 4 Market Size29 . 5 Market leaders29 6. 0 Available Products in the Market31 7. 0 Value Chain Analysis35 7. 1 PORTER’S GENERIC VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF THE MUSIC INSTRUMENT INDUSTRY35 7. 1. 1 Core process36 7. 1. 2 Supporting process37 7. 2 Activity analysis37 8. 0 Value Chain System of Music Instrument Industry39 9. 0 Analysis from Investors Point of View40 9. 1 Porter’s Five Forces Industry Analysis40 9. 2 SWOT Analysis43 9. 3 Suggestions for Investors43 10. 0 Conclusion45 11. 0 Bibliography46 12. 0 Appendix47 List of Illustrations Figures: Figure 1: Preference of Music Genre19 Figure 2: Preference of Music Instruments19 Figure 3: Purpose of Purchase20 Figure 4: Consumer Budget Analysis21 Figure 5: Brand Preferenceof Guitar22 Figure 6: Brand Preference of Drums22 Figure 7: Brand Preference of Keyboard23 Figure 8: Acceptance of Second Hand Instruments24 Figure 9: Shop Preference26 Figure 10:Cost-Revenue Overview29 Figure 11: Porters Value Chain Analysis36 Figure 12: Value Chain process of Music Industry39 Figure 13: SWOT Analysis44 Tables: Table 1: Classification of Music Instruments10 Table 2: Price Variation27 Executive summary The rich musical culture of Bangladesh provides a solid base for the music instrument industry to flourish. Bangladesh has 27 genres of cultural music and in recent years modern music has become very popular in this country. Owing to these two factors the music instrument industry, although being small in terms of stature, is quite affluent in nature. The music instruments industry of Bangladesh has been growing at a steady growth ever since its arrival. But since the 90’s the growth rate has been exceptional. The major players in this market are Melody ; Co. Surashree, Sur niketan, Sangita, World Music etc. The characteristics of the market can be attributed to that of oligopoly. The existing major companies hold the major percentage of market share and thus entry of new companies in this industry is faced with various barriers. But there is ample opportunity for new investors to flourish in this market because of the constant flow of the customer. The value chain analysis of the industry also leads to a similar conclusion. The established companies have a widespread supply and distribution chain which helps them to gain cost advantage over other companies. This again bars the entry of new companies in this industry. The survey conducted on consumers has depicted similar findings. Consumers have a special consideration for the established brands and they generally use products depending on their previous experiences or being influenced by opinion leaders (Rock stars, Music Teachers). This hinders the entry of new companies as creating a brand image in consumers mind takes time which can prove to be very costly. In this report, concise description of the music instrument industry is provided for the investors to analyze the market themselves. Some analysis of this market are also included which we have done ourselves. By analyzing the market using SWOT and Porter’s five forces industry analysis, the opportunities and threats of the market were identified. If further investment is taken into consideration, this analysis should help the investors to understand the market trends and invest according to the demands of customers. vii|Page 1. 0 Introduction Entertainment is one humane quality that we possess and music provides the celestial emotions therefore, musicians are acclaimed everywhere. Music industry is growing all over the world and so is the need for professional and high quality musical instruments. Music is a big part of our culture as Bangladeshis. So, our music industry has grown considerably across time. The music instruments industry has met this growth alongside it. In the past decade the both industries have gone through some major changes. This report focuses on the current status of the music instruments industry. - 1. 1 Origin of the report The fulfillment of the Business Communication (C103) Course, taken at the Institute of Business Administration, requires the submission of a report assigned by the course instructor. Thus, by the kind approval and authorization of our honorable course instructor, Mohammad Saif Noman Khan, Assistant Professor, Institute of Business Administration, we, a group of students of BBA 18th batch, have prepared this report on the music instruments industry of Bangladesh. 1. 2 Objective The primary objective of our report is to provide a brief overview on the music instrument industry of Bangladesh. Through the report and its included value chain analysis of the industry potential investors may evaluate the profit prospects of investing in the sector . We will emphasize on the current situation of Bangladeshi music instrument industry and also compare it with previous years to analyze the market trend. We will focus on the key influencing factors of the music instruments industry of Bangladesh. Specific objectives: * State the music instruments available in Bangladesh * Understand the existing market structure of music instruments * Identify the market leaders Provide a value chain analysis of this industry * Determine consumers’ preference towards branded/non-branded products * Implementing our knowledge from this course in the real world scenario and getting a broader perspective * Analyzing the market from an investor’s perspective * Identify specific sectors where investment can be made * Determining the growth prospects of the sector. 1. 3 Scope This report is intended to provide adequate information on the music instruments industry of Bangladesh; the focus will be on both classical and modern musical instruments sector. The paper includes reviews of various literatures that are available and also in-depth analysis of the survey result that we conducted as a part of the report. The scope of the study encompasses the different music instruments shops around Dhaka. 1. 4 Limitations The main limitations faced while working for the report are: * The surveys carried out for the report were based solely on the capital city of Dhaka; other cities or even villages were not considered for surveying because of the geographical difficulties involved. * There were hardly any relevant journals or other secondary information sources on the topic. Some of the local companies were poorly structured and didn’t have adequate recording procedure; so much of the information was not possible to gather. * Some of the information gathered through the internet was backdated and up-to-date information was not available * The main source of information was interviews of owners of different shops. There is a possibility that the information provided by them was partial to their respective shops. 1. 5 Methodology While preparing this report both primary and secondary data sources were used. Personal interviews and informal discussions with individuals associated with the sector, served as the source of our primary data collection. Although formal questionnaires where used for the interviews, we were lenient in adhering strictly to facilitate the gathering of relevant information. * Primary Sources The primary information gathered for the report was basically questionnaire based. Two types of questionnaire served the purpose of gathering information for the report (Market survey questionnaire and consumer survey questionnaire). The methodology used in this report was a survey of 50 people from different walks of life. This wide sample was chosen in order to provide a more comprehensive study of the different music instruments and genre and to gather a broader array of opinions. For the market study our study was limited within the boundaries of Dhaka city. Most of the music instrument industry in Bangladesh is situated in Science Laboratory, Shakharibazar, Gulshan and Bashundhara City. These four locations comprise 90% of the whole music instruments industry. We interviewed approximately 10 different shop owners. The shop owners were highly co-operative. But the poor recording process practiced by those companies stood in the way of our gathering proper information. Secondary Sources Different books, Internet resources and newspapers were used for secondary data collection. Online resources were primarily used to know about the market structure, profit margin, brand names, the distribution system, key manufactures, and suppliers and to get the information provided by the companies themselves to know about the products. 1. 6 Historical Background Bangladesh has a rich music culture. There are over 27 genres of music which are prominent in Bangladesh. Now In keeping with the global growth Bangladesh has also adopted the different music cultures from outside the country. This has opened a new horizon for our music instrument industry as people started to move on to the rock culture. Due to this the market has shifted more to imported product. Classical and cultural music (Rabindra, Nazrul sangeet, Lalan Geeti etc. ) were popular since the inception of Bangladesh. Back in 1995, the underground band culture started growing. By 2001 it became so popular that the big players of the music industry took notice of the growing talents. To take advantage of high profitability of the industry, investors gathered and formed an oligopoly. The veterans of the industry began catering to the modern musicians and slowly moved towards modern instruments. A few companies which failed to change with the times went out of frame. Seeking this opportunity, new music instrument companies emerged. Till now music instrument industry in Bangladesh is in profit and there is practically in no loss. It may seem very profitable to invest in this rising industry, but the big names of the industry make it virtually impossible to attract a user base. 2. 0 Music Instruments Owing to the vast number of the music genres, the types of musical instrument have reached more than one can imagine. The popular musical instruments can, however, be classified in to two major categories: * Classical Instrument. * Modern Instrument. These instruments can be classified again into three major criteria: * Aerophones(Wind Instruments Vibrating air) * Chordophones(Stringed Instruments Vibrating strings) * Membranophones(Vibrating Membrane Instruments) In our report we will try to provide a brief view on different instrument for the potential investors who may not have sufficient knowledge about music instruments. In much of Europe, the term harmonium is used to describe all pedal-pumped keyboard free-reed instruments, making no distinction whether it has a pressure or suction bellows. In South Asia, the term generally refers to a hand-pumped instrument. Tablas: The tabla is a popular Indian percussion instrument (of the membranophone family) used in Hindustani classical music and in popular and devotional music of the Indian subcontinent. The instrument consists of a pair of hand drums of contrasting sizes and timbres. The term tabla is derived from an Arabic word, tabl, which simply means drum. Sitar: Sitar is a Persian musical instrument. It is a member of the lute family. Two and a half centuries ago, a fourth string was added to the sitar, which has 25 27 moveable frets. It originated in Persia before the spread of Islam. Ektara: Ektara literally one-string, also called iktar, ektar, yaktaro gopichand) is a one-string instrument used in Bangladesh, India, Egypt, and Pakistan. In origin the ektara was a regular string instrument of wandering bards and minstrels from India and is plucked with one finger. The ektara usually has a stretched single string, an animal skin over a head (made of dried pumpkin/gourd, wood or coconut) and pole neck or split bamboo cane neck. The various sizes of ektara are soprano, tenor, and bass. The bass ektara, sometimes called a dotara often has two strings (as literally implied by do, two). Dotara: The dotara (or dotar) is a two or four stringed musical instrument resembling a small guitar. It is commonly used in Bangladesh and West Bengal, and dates from the 15th-16th century when it was adopted by the ascetic cults of Bauls and Fakirs. The equivalent as a traditional long-necked two-stringed lute is found in Central Asia as dutar. It has two main forms, the Bangla and the Bhhawaiya. The Bangla form originated in Rahr Bangla where it is still predominantly played. The Bhhawaiya form dotara is almost extinct in contemporary times and has a more primeval beginning than its Bangla cousin. Flute: The flute is a musical instrument of the woodwind family. Unlike woodwind instruments with reeds, a flute is an aerophone or reedless wind instrument that produces its sound from the flow of air across an opening. According to the instrument classification of Hornbostel-Sachs, flutes are categorized as Edge-blown aerophones. Aside from the voice, flutes are the earliest known musical instruments. Electric guitars: An electric guitar is a guitar that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to convert vibrations of its metal strings into electric signals. Since the generated signal is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, it is amplified before sending it to a loudspeaker. Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, the signal may easily be altered using electronic circuits to add color to the sound. It served as a major component in the development of rock and roll and countless other genres of music. Acoustic guitars: An acoustic guitar is a guitar that uses only acoustic methods to project the sound produced by its strings. The term is a retronym, coined after the advent of electric guitars, which rely on electronic amplification to make their sound audible. Bass guitars: The bass guitar also called electric bass, or simply bass is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb (either by plucking, slapping, popping, tapping, or thumping), or by using a plectrum. The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four, five, or six strings. The four string bass—by far the most common—is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which correspond to pitches one octave lower than the four lower strings of a guitar. Keyboards: A keyboard instrument is any musical instrument played using a musical keyboard. The most common of these is the piano. Other widely used keyboard instruments include multiple types of organs as well as other mechanical, electromechanical and electronic instruments. In common language, it is mostly used to refer to keyboard-style synthesizers. Among the earliest keyboard instruments are the pipe organ, hurdy gurdy, clavichord, and harpsichord. Drums and Percussions: A percussion instrument is any object which produces a sound when hit with an implement, shaken, rubbed, scraped, or by any other action which sets the object into vibration. The term usually applies to an object used in a rhythmic context or with musical intent. In a musical context then, the term percussion instruments may have been coined originally to describe a family of instruments including drums, rattles, metal plates, or wooden blocks which musicians would beat or strike (as in a collision) to produce sound. Saxophone: The saxophone (also referred to as the sax) is a conical-bore transposing musical instrument that is a member of the woodwind family. Saxophones are usually made of brass and played with a single-reed mouthpiece similar to that of the clarinet. The saxophone was invented by the Belgian Adolphe Sax in 1841. While proving very popular in military band music, the saxophone is most commonly associated with popular music, big band music, blues, early rock and roll, ska and particularly jazz. There is also a substantial repertoire of concert music in the classical idiom for the members of the saxophone family. Saxophone players are called saxophonists. Piano: The piano is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard. It is one of the most popular instruments in the world. Widely used in classical music for solo performances, ensemble use, chamber music and accompaniment, the piano is also very popular as an aid to composing and rehearsal. Although not portable and often expensive, the pianos versatility and ubiquity have made it one of the worlds most familiar musical instruments. 3. 0 Industry Structure The Bangladeshi music instruments industry has been a long standing industry in the country. It may not be as big as the major industries, but it has certainly gone through enough expansion and evolution. 3. 1 Background of the industry Bangladesh has always had a culture heavily influenced by music. During the liberation war, music played a big part in rallying up the freedom fighters. So, after the liberation, the music industry suddenly boomed. To cope with the rising demand music instruments companies also needed to change. Pre-liberation, most companies were situated in the Shakharibazar area of Dhaka city. Classical instruments were the instruments of choice. Harmoniums, Tablas, Dhols etc. were popular with the music practitioners. After the war, the companies decided that they need to appeal to the more mainstream crowd, so they shifted to science laboratory, Dhanmondi, Dhaka. The new location offered them a lot of exposure to new music enthusiasts along with maintaining their established customer base. The new location helped the companies and the industry overall. Music instruments industry was on the rise. But the next big change was not far off. As Bangladesh changed with the world, the culture also morphed into a more west influenced one. Music preference was one of the first elements to change. In the 90’s, band music garnered a lot of popularity with the young generation. Underground bands were being formed by groups of young musicians who were ready to leave the old ways behind. Modern instruments such as guitars, keyboards and drums became the standard requirement of any band. Thus, a significant supply was also needed. Established companies saw that the new music mentality was not just a fad. They started making their own acoustic guitars, drums and flutes. However, the real market shift was made by imports. Several brand names were imported from various countries. Some were from nearby countries like India, China and Japan. But the truly expensive ones came from USA and Europe. Band music grew like wildfire and the music instruments industry expanded and changed for good. Soon, bands required more sophisticated and powerful instruments such as electric guitars and keyboards. These came only from imports. The industry became an import heavy industry to cater to the new crowd. So, the companies with import capabilities survived and thrived on the heavy shift while classical only based companies were forced to go out of business. Thus we come to our current status of the music instruments industry. 3. 2 Sales Trend The sales trend of the entire industry market has shifted over the years. Local instruments like harmoniums and tablas were the preferred music instruments. But the market was also smaller in size. Professional musicians and a few newcomers made the whole of the market. But with the transformation of the industry, the market has a much different scenario. Modern instruments take precedence over classical ones. The sales trend suggests that the newer instruments, especially the electric variations, are the big sellers. In the generation of frequent concerts, accessories like amplifiers and sound boxes are also a must. The modern instruments are very import heavy. So, the prices are also much higher. In the cases of customized guitars, the price of one guitar can be unlimited. Instruments from faraway countries such as USA, Germany etc. can be even more costly. For example, a piano form Germany can cost up to 8. 5 lac taka. The prices of the imported instruments maybe high, but that does not mean that customers will be discouraged to continue buying from this sector. In fact, it’s quite the opposite. One must not overlook the fact that the companies themselves are buying the instruments from abroad and then selling them here. They need a substantial amount of capital themselves to maintain their supply. So, the companies spend a lot of money in this regard. But that does not mean the cost outgrows the profit. The profit of the music instruments industry comes from the sheer quantity of the products sold. Bands are consistently buying the modern instruments for their use. Young people with an interest in music also want the best music instruments to fuel their passion. The band music scene is so large that the companies may not make a great profit on each of the sales they make, but the cumulative total of the instruments sold more than makes up for it in the end. So, it is safe to estimate that the sales trend will continue to grow in the same direction. The imported instruments will be the heavy sellers of the industry, but the local manufactured products will not be far behind. 3. 3 growth rate The growth rate of the music instruments industry overall has been quite substantial. From the early 70’s classical music era to the present band music era, the industry has grown multiple times in size. The big players of the industry have invested heavily on imports which continuously expand the market. The slightly less equipped companies are making the transition from classical to modern instruments to keep up with the trends. Some companies are trying to be entirely focused on modern instruments instead of classical. All of these companies keep adding to the industry. The customer base is also on the rise. Since the 90’s music has become quite popular as a profession. Many music enthusiasts try to become a part of the industry by either pure talent or raw passion. Some just want to keep playing music as an added skill. The young generation is not the only user base though. Veteran collectors may even buy music instruments just for adding them to their repertoire. People have many choices when it comes to music. So, their reasons for buying an instrument can be equally diversified. And all this is without counting the established bands and celebrities who will continue to purchase the high quality instruments for further advancement of their own carriers. 3. 4 growth potential The potential for this industry is variable. The big players of the industry have an oligopoly in place for the market in Dhaka. But the market outside of Dhaka is still fair game. People order via courier from outside Dhaka. A music instrument company with a big capital may seize on this opportunity to establish a brand name which will enable the company to pose a threat to the players of the industry. Another aspect to consider is the foreign market. Bangladeshi musical instruments have demand in the outside world as well. But no big company makes the effort to spread the music abroad with the help of instruments. Some foreign buyers come to Bangladesh and buy locally manufactured instruments which are relatively low in price. If a company exports local music instruments, the travel cost for the buyers may be added to the instruments’ pricing. This can garner a hefty profit. The number of customers from abroad may be low compared to the user base of the country, but it is large enough to give it growth potential. 3. 5 Industry composition The music instruments industry at its current state is situated primarily in Dhaka. Areas like Dhanmondi, Gulshan and Shakharibazar are the prominent locations. The center of the entire industry is in Science Laboratory, Dhanmondi. The well established shops like Melody Co, Surasree, Sur niketan etc. have been there for decades and the majority of the market is in their grasps. A lot of medium and smaller size shops are also included there who use lower pricing to attract customers. Other notable locations include Bashundhara City Shopping Complex, Panthapath, and Dhaka which has World Music and Golden Music for a more modernized shopping experience. The big companies at Science Laboratory have their showrooms at the ground level and manufacturing factories on the floor above. Simple and local instruments like tablas, harmoniums and dhols etc. are made there. Complex instruments like guitars are made in a different factory. These factories are mainly situated on the opposite side of the river, outside of Dhaka, like Keraniganj for example. Imports are made through contacts for individual companies. Some companies use direct links abroad to ship instruments into the country. The others use third party importers to import their products. Most of the down payment is done by e-mail. Orders from outside Dhaka are taken via e-mail or telephone and the supplied through courier. The bigger companies of the industry also take responsibility for organizing stage shows for both the Government and NGOs. All of these activities amount to a flowing industry that has quite a profit margin. To top it all off, the big players of the music instruments industry claim to have no loss. The sales never decline and the user base keeps growing. The only drawback is that the cost of raw materials may increase over time, but that can be easily overlooked by the profits. 3. 6 product composition There are two types of products in the market-local and imported. Local products are manufactured by the companies themselves and are sold at a much lower price compared to the imported ones. The imports are much more costly and have a lot more variety. Renowned brands such as Ibanez, STK, Yamaha, Fender, Tama, Paiste, Pearl, Maxtone, Roland, Gibson, TGM, Korg, Kurzweil etc. are available in the market. These brands attract customers on a regular basis. 4. 0 Analysis of Consumer Preferences To understand the industry one has to understand the consumers. Consumer’s insight is critical when determining business strategy. This report contains first hand consumer opinion gathered by individual surveying. . 1 Survey Procedure The consumer survey was done through both online and direct method. A consumer questionnaire that contained questions about general consensus of the music industry was created. Customers at the various music instruments shops were asked to take part in the survey. Online surveys were taken by creating the questionnaire in on line form and conducted anonymously through the internet. Various contacts were used to conduct the online survey. We interviewed 50 people, some of them are professional musicians and the others are non-professionals. 4. 2 Survey Results The primary source of data used in the report was a questionnaire filled-up by a representative sample of participants. The representative sample was picked from different occupations, ages and educational attainment. The participants were asked to respond to a set of simple questions. The questions were designed to get raw data. The raw data on analysis were used to get an insight into the general structure and consumer behavior within the music instrument industry. The survey findings were concluded in different sections by relating the collected data with the demographic characteristics of the interviewees. A detailed analysis of the findings is explained below: * Preference of Music Genre: We surveyed a total of 50 individuals from different segments of the social strata and also conducted an open online survey to get greater response. The core decision characteristics which guide the buying behavior in this market are the preference of genre by the buyers. Through our analysis we get to know that majority of the buyers are still guided by the classical taste. This segment is mainly occupied by female customers who still have a heart for the classical music. Almost 50% of the users are aligned to classical genre. But we also observe that the modern genre is just tailing classical with a percentage user of 46% and there are few passionate users who have a taste for both genres and it comprises of a minute figure of 3% of the market. Figure 1: Preference of Music Genre * Preference of Music Instrument: Analyzing the market we can observe that the most desirable instrument is acoustic guitar followed by electric guitar. Together they occupy almost 60% of the market. There is also high demand for keyboard (19%), flute (19%), drums (18%) and bass guitar (17%). So observing the instrument preferences we can conclude that the modern instruments are in high demand and to be precise the imported instruments. Figure 2: Preference of Music Instruments * Purpose of Purchase Most purchases are made for personal use which is an astounding 98%. But still some purchases are made for commercial use like buying of sound systems and also there are many small business providing jamming facilities. These people make commercial purchases. Moreover many government institutions and NGO’s also make large scale purchases. But as we can observe from the survey results music instruments are still out there for the common to take pleasure in. Figure 3: Purpose of Purchase * Consumer Budget Analysis: As most of the purchases are related to personal use so the budget for buying instruments in not that high. The major portion of the budget is around TK. 4000- Tk. 10000 almost 45%. There are very few high rollers in the budget list who tend to spend lacs on instruments. But even then professional artists and few passionate collectors buy the real deal worth more than 1 lac. But even then as the survey shows the market is steady at around Tk. 000 -25000. Figure 4: Consumer Budget Analysis * Analysis of Brand Preferences: 1. Brand Preference of Guitar: As we can see the imported brands from china and Indonesia hit the chart at top. Brands like Ibanez and Gibson are in a high demand among consumers. Figure 5: Brand Preference of Guitar But still some influence is also made by Indian brands like Givson and Signa ture who also occupy a respectable share in the market. And for other brand there is very little demand for them but still due to specific brand preference from customers these brands are still available in the market. . Brand Preference of Drums: Analysing the market trend and through our survey we could conclude that there is a very tight margin between prefernce for brand while buying drums. This segment is leaded by two leaders Tama and Yamaha which are very popular brands worlwide and prefered by renowned musicians around the world. Others brands like pearl is also in the customers list. But other brands like paiste , maxtone and local brand like Bappi are still a bit less desiarble to customers. Figure 6: Brand Preference of Drums 3. Brand Prefernce of keyboards: As they results speaks this segment is ruled by yamaha and roland. This two are Figure 7: Brand Preference of Keyboard undoubtedly the most popular brands and also highly suggested by users and professionals. Yamaha with an astounding 50% on preference and Roland with 34% have captured the market. For others brands its still a long way to go and more customers to capture to overdo these two giant brands. * Acceptance of Second Hand Instruments: Observing the market trend and consumer behavior we can conclude that most people are for this second hand selling nearly 54% and 34% has no negative notion towards it. It’s quite clear that the market is open for second hand selling and customers are satisfied with this kind of activity. Figure 8: Acceptance of Second Hand Instruments Though this is not a recognized act but due to high prices and tax on imported musical instruments people fail to avail the original one. So when they get the almost new thing at a very cheap price they can’t resist it. So it is quite evident that unless there is a serious price cut this selling of second hand instruments will continue. 5. 0 Analyzing the Market It is better for both the consumers and the sellers to understand the premise of the music instrument industry. Market and consumer behavior is important for analyzing the industry. The study contains consumer and market opinions which were found through a survey in the market. It is crucial for the new investors as well to know the facts that control its consumers’ and competitors’ behavior. By analyzing the market is not a short process. The analysis of current market trends, market share, market growth, market size and analysis of the market leaders come into the procedure. 5. 1 Market trends The current situation at the music instrument industry offers a wide range of products to its customer. With the revolutionary change in the music industry last decade, the instrument industry also claimed its share of customers. Consumers are now more involved in choosing brands that they would buy. People don’t mind paying higher to attain a better performed and of desired outlook music instrument. Even a few days ago consumers were confined in buying basic instruments like guitars, harmonium, tablas etc. But with a change in music trend, consumers now look for dj turn table, multi-functional amplifier, upgraded accessories and many other modern instruments. This massive use of instruments results in more repairing work for the mechanics. This often leads customers towards using wireless electrical instruments. This allows the importer to introduce newer editions of product in the market. Thus the major trends currently observed are: * Tendency of buying brand As the music industry is growing at a rapid speed, it started a new era in the music instrument industry. Now –a –days people move toward hassle free products for which they won’t have turn to mechanic shop. So they are now more interested in buying big brands. The big brands offer guaranteed service and better performance. With differentiated products in the market musicians can choose their desired instrument outlook. * Selecting performance over price With number of brands in the market buyers get to choose theirs from a variety of products. Among these people are more prone towards choosing high performance instrument while caring less about the price. Another reason for such behavior in the consumers is their social status. This very sector has most of its customers either from the music world or from the well off class of the society. This enables these selected consumers to choose performance over price. * Use of the upgraded accessories and technology Marketers have brought upgraded accessories as the demand for it rose with the massive use of modern instruments. Consumers want the best for their instruments and always look for the upgraded versions. Moreover, the passionate young musicians are extensively using these products that consequently making this a prominent sector of music instrument industry. * Using modern technology With the world moving towards technology this sector is also having the touch of it. From the music makers to the music editors, all now depend on the newly added instrument to the industry to cope with the world. The wireless instruments, multi functional mixers and customized sound systems are essential for them to meet the standards that had been set across the world. Alongside the rise music industry, instrument industry is now heading for bright future. The current trend of the market makes this sector more promising 5. 2 Market share Market share is the percentage or proportion of the total available market that is being serviced by a company in comparison of the whole industry. According to the consumer survey, consumers tend to go the old names mostly because of their brand value. In the music instrument industry the majority of the market share is captured by Melody Co. the company demanded that it is the trust and faithful service that they provide to keep their customers satisfied. World Music, among the new companies, also holds a significant proportion of market share. The rest are shared by the other existing companies in the market. Though the companies declined to provide their exact financial information regarding their market shares because of their company policy, we were able to assume the current state through surveying the market and the consumers. Figure 9: Shop Preference . 3 Market Growth The music instrument industry is going through a rapid growth. This is because of the change in the music scene in the recent years. Reasons including young generation being more involved in the music industry and the trend of using newer version of big brands when performing in the public. Musicians now use instruments that have better sound quality and als o can be harmonized easily. Today the instrument industry offers choices in front of the buyers to select from. The increasing number of musicians is buying more and more instruments which are fueling the industry to grow larger. As there is no structured association of the music instrument industry, and many of the companies are independent ones, no up-to-date statistics on current market growth was found. But after studying the available market shares over the years it can be understood that this industry is expanding at a high rate and there is still scope for further expansion. Again surveying the market gave us an overview of the industry. As the number of consumers rose the demand for the instruments reached a certain level that made the marketers to increase the prices over the years.

Pulp Fiction And Rashomon Film Studies Essay

Pulp Fiction And Rashomon Film Studies Essay When Pumpkin Tim Roth and Honey Bunny are have dinner in an motel, They make a decision to steal from it later than realize that they could build currency off not presently the company but the clientele as fine. As occur throughout their earlier heist. moment later than they begin the hitch, The scene break sour and the name credit spin. In this scene its like to be bore at first, But their decision of robbery of bank is, so different in the film, When they started to play a role in the film as robber suddenly the title breaks the screen with stylish music; it takes the audience to the great height in interest. The background and things which kept on the tables and the lady servant First of all it is a black and white movie, And also it is a non linear movie, The thing which exposed at the first scene is two people sitting calmly in the temple .which makes the audience to thing something append in their life. Their problem was exposed by the third character, Because of the third character their problem was explained to the audience, In Pulp Fiction John Travolta and uma turman were went to the club and they participate in the Dance combination is not a matter but their stylish dance surely makes the audience Enjoy. When uma turman become unconscious, John Travolta inject the injection on her chest it one of the scare scene. Because this scene makes the audience that They are feeling them as uma turman and when john is forcing his hand to inject the injection they are so much involved in this scene, In pulp fiction each and every minute sequence was shown clearly by the director. For ex: When Vincent( john Travolta) was going in his car to see uma turman for taking her to club, When he driving a car to her house on the way in the car he inject himself a drug ,thats not a matter but the director shows mixing of the drug with blood in the Injection is makes the audience to feel them as john Travolta, In Rashomon the things which I saw is the feelings of expression are include in the acting, But I not going to say pulp fiction is bad, The expressions of acting is more in Rashomon, That is more than pulp fiction, And also in Rashomon the editing is not looks like a olden days editing style its looks like a now a days film editing style. In some place in the film the director made some intelligent scene in Rashomon that is. The Rapist character make some intelligent thing to get his wife, but no one can able to imagine that the Rapist makes the women husband to follow him in the forest and he tied the women husband, and the rapist tell to the women that your husband was bitten by a snake, he makes the women to follow him when they reach the place then only audience can able to know that the rapist made some story to fool too of them. The sound track gives some more emotion to the scene, Which it helps to make the audience to involve in the film, And also the it explains the relationship of husband and wife, When the husband refused to believe his wife, The expressions shows to the wife that he is not believing, so that she also refused to understand his husband because of her angry. In that scene the conversation between husband and wife is mostly explained in expressions. But in pulp fiction conversation are explained in dialogue, but delivery of dialogue is so Much different in pulp fiction, As comparison of these movies both the movies are very nice movies according to their style, We cant able to find false in them. The characters in the both movies are so much Different and the way of their acting are original. Both the directors are don their correct Job. As an audience both the movies are goodà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. At first, when the film is started. A meaning of the word pulp fiction is shown in the screen, As according to the dictionary format (American heritage dictionary, New collage Edition) like that. And then pumpkin and homey bunny two of them sitting inside the hotel and talking about their life. In this scene its like to be bore at first, But their decision of robbery of bank is, so different in the film, When they started to play a role in the film as robber suddenly the title breaks the screen with stylish music; it takes the audience to the great height in interest. As Samuel L. Jackeson and the John Travoleta when they entering into the room their body language and their dialogue delivery and the continues shot of walking two of them is wonderful. John Travolta and uma turman were went to the club and they participate in the Dance combination is not a matter but their stylish dance surely makes the audience Enjoy. When uma turman become unconscious, John Travolta inject the injection on her chest it one of the scare scene. Because this scene makes the audience that They are feeling them as uma turman and when john is forcing his hand to inject the injection they are so much involved in this scene, The dialogue of the officer when he gave the watch to the small boy, about the watch Which his friend gave before he keep the watch in his ass, Is wonderful comedy Samuel L. Jackson and John Travolta was shoot by one guy the explanation About the miss target of the gun shot of Samuel L. Jackson was wonderful The director makes this non linear movie well and handle it well. In this film the director gives equal importance to the all the characters in the movie. Finally this movie is one of the interesting movie which I seen before in the past à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦

Ronald Reagan :: essays research papers

Introduction Reagan, Ronald Wilson (1911- ),the 40th president of the United States (1981-1989), enforced the policies that reversed a general direction of movement toward greater government involvement in economic and social regulation. Reagan as the younger of two sons, was born in Tampico, Illinois and spent most of his childhood in Dixon, Illinois. After studying at Eureka College,a small Disciples of Christ college near Peoria, Illinois, he majored in economics, and became the president of the student body, a member of the football team, and captain of the swimming team. He had special drawings toward acting, but after the graduation in 1932 the only job available related to show business was as a local radio sportscaster. In 1936 he became a sportscaster for station WHO in Des Moines, Iowa. A year latter, Reagan went to Hollywood and began an acting career that spanned more than 25 years. He played in more than 50 films, including "Knute Rockne"-All American (1940), & quot;King's Row" (1942), and "Bedtime for Bonzo" (1951). Early political career Reagan's first political activities were associated with his responsibilities as a union leader. As union president, Reagan tried to remove suspected Communists from the movie industry. When the U.S. House Committee. Began an investigation in 1947 on the influence of Communists in the film industry, Reagan took a strong anti-Communist stand testifying before the committee. Reagan emerged on the national political scene in 1964 when he made fervent television speech supports for the Republican presidential candidate, United States Senator Barry Goldwater from Arizona. Although the election was lost, Reagan's speech brought in money and admiration from Republicans around the country. After the speech a group of Republicans in California persuaded Reagan to run for governor of California in 1966. Reagan appealed to traditional Republican voters. He defeated Edmund G. (Pat) Brown, Sr., Democra t, by almost a million votes. The election of 1980 Reagan spent years making political friends at party fund-raising dinners around the country. In the election of 1980 for the president, the candidates were Carter and Reagan. The contrast between the television personalities of two candidates was very important to people. Carter’s nervous manner had never been popular to people, while Reagan’s charm and happy face was a call for return to patriotism, which appealed to the public. Many voters believed that Reagan was forceful leader who could get their lives in shape and who could restore prosperity at home.

The Society of Egypt Essay -- Egypt Cairo Culture Environment Climate

The Society of Egypt Works Cited Not Included The cultural traditions, social behavior and practices of any society in history are inextricably linked to the weather and climate of its region. River mouths have always been popular settling spots, even dating back to the ancient civilizations; these water sources provided life, transportation, and basic survival for these communities. Cairo was founded below the delta on the Nile River in Egypt because of the existence of the Nile. Today, this region is hot and dry with the exception of the land directly bordering the Nile. The climate and current weather in Cairo have a substantial impact on everyday life and society in this region. Unfortunately, because of the harsh environment of this northern African region, Cairo society as it is currently is unsustainable. The northern African Nile region was once a fertile, green, moist area of the world in post-glacial years (Lamb p90-91). Certain species existed in this area because of the moisture the Nile created in the region. Ancient Egyptian civilization in fact thrived because of the predictable and expansive flooding of the river that allowed for innovative irrigation and agricultural techniques necessary to create and maintain a stable and thriving civilization. Because of the initial success of the civilization in this region people continued to settle in Cairo as well as along the entire span of the Nile. Over the centuries however, as worldwide climate has changed and been altered by the increasing world population, the climate and weather in the Nile region as changed dramatically both naturally as well as resulting from human behavior. Desertification, overpopulation, and excessive and rapid industrialization have... ... the boundaries of everyday life for most people. Even the most affluent population of the world cannot always buy its way out of issues caused by climate change and environmental degradation due to human behavior. Conclusion Despite the socioeconomic and environmental issues of Cairo, Egypt continues to be a popular tourist destination because of its rich history. Although the region is suffering dramatically in current years from desertification and pollution from its overpopulated urban centers, the government and environmental groups are making a substantial effort to address underlying social issues and environmental concerns that can be improved with regional cooperation. International education regarding these issues will help to alleviate the strains on Cairo’s natural resources as well as create a model for a more environmentally sustainable society.

Comics: A Better Means To An Artistic End Essays -- Argumentative Pers

Comics: A Better Means To An Artistic End If a line of symmetry were to be drawn down the center of the paper, it would seem that each character rests within his environment about to collide with the other. Even without words, a vivid story begins to formulate in my mind, and hopefully I share the artist's vision. Comic book art is the Pez dispenser of modernism. The aesthetics of this accessible medium walk side by side with pop culture. No other art form can reach so many people due to its incredible volume. Each Wednesday of every week brings new issues of titles that have been in circulation for decades. Despite the vast numbers that arrive at retailers each month and the respect they sometimes receive (like Art Speigelman's Pulitzer Prize winning Maus), comics are under appreciated in the literary world, but why? They use a clever organization of symbols to express concepts shared by all people in their own social environment, and provide more tools than conventional art to truly show artistic intention. Comic artists choose to express personal thought with universally complex themes through a symbolic medium. No one refutes the idea that comics do not demonstrate realistic form. Comic artists do not attempt to portray the simple beauty of the natural world; rather, they try to relate a universal idea with a stylistic approach. Magritte's painting of a pipe with the inscription, "this is not a pipe," at the bottom demonstrates the way in which comic books are misunderstood. In his explanation of the art form, Scott McCloud uses pictures of various characters following Magritte's structure. For example, he draws a picture of a cow and states that "this is not a cow" (McCloud 26). The pictures only resemble what we a... ... connection. A conventional expressionist must assume that the observer realizes the purpose of his or her art. Many people see a portrait as just a portrait, when the mood and the intricate detail of the face add to its meaning. Comics, on the other hand, are expected to be symbols enveloped in a detailed history that replaces the wobbling bridge between reader and artist with a strong one suspended by invisible messages from creator to potential viewer, messages anyone can see. Works Cited Carrier, David. The Aesthetics of Comics. University Park: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000. Crain, Dale, ed. Batman: Black and White. New York: DC Comics, 1998. McCloud, Scott. Understanding Comics: The Invisible Art. New York: Harper Perennial, 1993. Thompson, Don, and Dick Lupoff, eds. The Comic-Book Book. New York: Arlington House, 1973. Comics: A Better Means To An Artistic End Essays -- Argumentative Pers Comics: A Better Means To An Artistic End If a line of symmetry were to be drawn down the center of the paper, it would seem that each character rests within his environment about to collide with the other. Even without words, a vivid story begins to formulate in my mind, and hopefully I share the artist's vision. Comic book art is the Pez dispenser of modernism. The aesthetics of this accessible medium walk side by side with pop culture. No other art form can reach so many people due to its incredible volume. Each Wednesday of every week brings new issues of titles that have been in circulation for decades. Despite the vast numbers that arrive at retailers each month and the respect they sometimes receive (like Art Speigelman's Pulitzer Prize winning Maus), comics are under appreciated in the literary world, but why? They use a clever organization of symbols to express concepts shared by all people in their own social environment, and provide more tools than conventional art to truly show artistic intention. Comic artists choose to express personal thought with universally complex themes through a symbolic medium. No one refutes the idea that comics do not demonstrate realistic form. Comic artists do not attempt to portray the simple beauty of the natural world; rather, they try to relate a universal idea with a stylistic approach. Magritte's painting of a pipe with the inscription, "this is not a pipe," at the bottom demonstrates the way in which comic books are misunderstood. In his explanation of the art form, Scott McCloud uses pictures of various characters following Magritte's structure. For example, he draws a picture of a cow and states that "this is not a cow" (McCloud 26). The pictures only resemble what we a... ... connection. A conventional expressionist must assume that the observer realizes the purpose of his or her art. Many people see a portrait as just a portrait, when the mood and the intricate detail of the face add to its meaning. Comics, on the other hand, are expected to be symbols enveloped in a detailed history that replaces the wobbling bridge between reader and artist with a strong one suspended by invisible messages from creator to potential viewer, messages anyone can see. Works Cited Carrier, David. The Aesthetics of Comics. University Park: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000. Crain, Dale, ed. Batman: Black and White. New York: DC Comics, 1998. McCloud, Scott. Understanding Comics: The Invisible Art. New York: Harper Perennial, 1993. Thompson, Don, and Dick Lupoff, eds. The Comic-Book Book. New York: Arlington House, 1973.

Creative Spark Talk Analysis Essay

Sir Ken Robinson is an educator, respected author and leading advocator for changes to the educational system. A Professor believes that the education system needs to be more creative and stop preventing creativity. Sir Robinson speech on â€Å"How Schools Kill Creativity†; given on February 2006; at TED conference in Monterey California. It focuses on the education system goals and the educators understanding the process of developing a successful system. The focus of his speech is how schools do everything they can to dissuade children from being creative. He is advocating for a monumental change in current educational systems that nurture and promote creativity. The education system profound way of how the selection process of the employee, prevents the out-of-box thinkers from maintaining their creativity growth. Stages of Creativity Robinson begins his talk referencing how we have become a society that deeply vested in education. He goes on to say today’s children have incredible talent but we waste it through our current educational systems. He discusses how we have become a society that is educating for 50 years in the 2065 we really have no idea what the future will look like in five years. In looking at the four stages of creativity, it is easy to see how the current educational systems stifle creativity. Stage one according to Ryan Ruggiero is searching for challenges or â€Å"meeting challenges in an imaginative, original, and effective way† (Ruggiero, 2012). Robinson discusses how our educational systems have become more about mathematics and science and less about the arts. Young children are willing to take a  chance. If they do not know an answer to a question, they are not afraid to go for it or of being wrong according to Robinson. Robinson makes an excellent point that â€Å"if you aren’t prepared to be wrong then you will never come up with anything creative† (Robinson, 2007). Stage three, which probably the most important deals with investigating the problem. It is important to make sure you obtain the necessary information to deal effectively with the problem. The last stage is stage four, which involves producing ideas. It is importa nt to make sure you generate enough ideas to decide which action you should take. Concepts of imagination and Curiosity Almost the entire talk Robinson gave revolved around creativity and imagination. Robinson discusses how today’s society has become dependent on rising through the ranks by achieving different degree levels. He explains that in order to rise to different levels there is too much focus on answering questions accurately and too much focus on when mistakes occur. Personal experiences and Benefit Society I remember not doing well in my Biology class and my instructor challenge me to change location in the classroom. I did not believe that the seat selection was the problem, but changing the seat eliminated the surrounding distraction and my grades highlighted the improvement. I took that same approach to the rest of my classes and the results astonishing. I believe at that time most of my teachers had written me off, but as an educator you have to seek ways more creative approach to capture and develop the students minds for thinking out of the box. I have learn from that experience and lecture, we as educators in the educational system have to be open to ideas and develop different methodology that will help our learners to mature and produce different avenues of approach to accomplishing a task. Sir Robinson talk was quite eye opening for me and has made me take a more analytical approach to how I even educate my children. References Robinson, K. (2007, January 6). Sir Ken Robinson: Do schools kill creativity? [Video file]. Retrieved from Youtube.com website: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iG9CE55wbtY Ruggiero, V. R. (2012). The Art Thinking. The art of thinking: A guide to critical and creative thought (10th ed.). New York, NY: Pearson Longman.

Karl Marx Essay

Karl Marx who was christened ‘the father of modern communism’ was a well renowned philosopher whose ideologies in the political, economy as well as social perspectives were very significant. To Marx, the issue of inequality in society was a major concern and a central point in his ideologies. He blamed the inequality in society on the economic production. (Healey J 2006). He placed more emphasis on the means of production which simply implied the tools or materials used in order to ensure that goods and services were produced and distributed. To Marx, the means of production could vary depending on the prevailing economic system. In cases of agricultural societies, land would be an important means of production while for the industrial society the machinery and equipment, factories as well as the transportation system were the means of production. Marx further noted that societies were dominated by capitalistic tendencies in spite of them being agricultural or industrial. To him there are two major social classes who are in continued struggle or conflict over the means of production. The two major classes are the bourgeoisie who not only own but also control the factors of production and it is also the ruling class. (Healey J 2006). The other class comprises of the proletariat or the working class. Marx believed that conflicts between the two distinct classes were eminent or rather inevitable. The resultant effect was that the proletariat class would over throw the bourgeoisie and an equitable society would be attained. In the new society exploitation and coercion would be a thing of the past. The new society would be a class less society and inequality would be erased and social change would be attained. Marx presented a conflicting society that was characterised by continued class struggle. (Healey J 2006) Healey in ‘Race, Ethnicity, Gender and class’, noted that Max Weber a German sociologist was a major critic of Marx ideologies. He argued that Marx ideology of inequality in society was a very narrow one. To Weber, the inequality problem in society was complex and not as simple as Marx presented it. He was quite categorical that inequalities in society could not be wholly blamed on economic forces. In this regard he noted the cases where people may belong to the elite class in society but lack wealth attached to it or vice versa. Some people may have the wealth but lack the self esteem. (Healey J, 2006) Marx and Weber agreed on the issue of inequalities in society. Weber expounded on Marx ideologies and he in fact adopted other stratification mechanisms regarding inequalities with ownership and control of factors of production which was similar to Karl Marx’s class ideology. Secondly, he brought about the idea of ‘prestige’ where the amount of honour or self esteem given to people by others was highlighted. To Weber, factors like class, family lineage as well as physical appearance affected the amount of prestige or honour to be placed on people by others. The third stratification according to Weber was power or the ability to influence or control others. A person’s stand in political organisation determined how powerful they were in the society. To Weber, the three groups had similar characteristics in the sense that wealthy, prestigious were likely to be more powerful when compared to the poor people in the society. (Healey J, 2006). Both Marx and Weber agreed that the development of capitalism was as a result of accumulated capital. However, they differed on how the accumulation was ensured. Marx was convinced that ‘owners of the means of production or the ‘bourgeois acquired immense capital through expropriation and exploitation of the working class or the proletariat. On the other hand Weber perceived a society where the accumulation of capital was attributed to the dedication, self denial and hard work of the capitalists. As Etzioni – Halevy in ‘Social change’ noted, Weber viewed ‘social change in society as caused not only by the economic factors but also by values and ideas’ (Etzioni – Halery E). Notably, Weber did not underestimate the role of or importance of economic factors in as far as social change in society was concerned. Some of Weber’s viewpoints earned him no fame as they just blended what Marx had earlier presented. The main distinction pertaining his ideologies was his emphasis on the fact that the ‘advent of modern capitalism could not be wholly blamed on the economic factors’. (Etzioni-Halevy J, 1981). To him, values had a very significant role to play and to this regard had to be considered with the same intensity that was attached to economic factors. Important values cited by Weber included achievement – oriented values which worked to motivate the entrepreneurs to work devotedly while negating from consumption to embrace investment. He perceived a society where entrepreneurs would instead of consuming their profits re-invest to earn more profits. (Etzioni-Halery J, 1981) To Marx, social change would be realised when the two conflicting classes were no more or when the working class overthrew the ruling class over the means of production. Weber rejected this view point on the argument that social change was a complex aspect which was affected by the class groupings as well as the varying or diverse status. (Allan K, 2005) The working class according to Marx earned a living by selling their labour to the owners of the means of production or capitalists. There was an eminent exploitation between the two classes in the society. Marx coined the term ‘pauperization’ to mean the process through which the rich became richer as the poor grew poorer. The exploitation was due to the fact that the wages paid to the working class by the capitalists was not equitable to the work or output they produced. Apart from receiving poor pay, the working class in poor conditions that negatively affected their mental as well as physical well being. (Giddens A and Griffiths, 2006). Weber backed Marx idea that the society was characterised by conflicts for power as well as resources. On how the society was structured Weber negated from Marx ideology that economic factors alone had a role to play in its determination. In contrast he noted that other important aspects like status as well as party had a role in class differences. According to Weber they could emerge from other aspects rather than economic forces. He noted that economic differences could arise from other resources rather than property for instance skills, qualifications or credentials. Taylor G and Spencer S, 2004). Weber argued that capitalism was not necessarily the critical factor triggering alienation and deprivation of the working class. Consequently, elimination of the private ownership would not suffice in resolving the inequality issue in the society. Weber blamed the alienation to ‘the omnipotent structures of the bureaucratic rule’ (Hamilton P, 1991). Weber rejected socialism as a way of resolving the problems associated or linked in capitalism.

Never Forget Event in My Life Essay

There is an event that I will never forget in my life. It was the day experienced my first accident in the river. At that time, I and my friends came to river to fishing after having a class in the afternoon. at exactly3. 00 pm, I got there on foot and brought all fishing equipments. we were so happy and singing together. sometimes we made a joke and screamed like a crazy man. It was a nice and unforgettable childhood. In the fishing place, we made a chair from unuseful wood around of the river. Then, we sat on it and fishing together. Close to an hour, we had not got even one fish and made us felt so bored. Although, we were still going on and tried it again and again. About 30 minutes later, the float of my fishing equipment moved. Then my friend said that â€Å"you got it† and I pulled it and finally I got one fish, but it was not too big. I felt so happy and all of my friends came to me to see that fish. Then, they back to their sit and tried it again 15 minutes later, they got it one by one. one hour later, we had got many fish about 23 fish. One of my friend told me that â€Å" it is better to swim because it is so hot today. † All of my friend agreed and decided to stop fishing and swimming in the river. One by one they jumped in the river but at that time I felt so doubt to jump because I could not swim but my friends gave me spirit and one of them said that â€Å" you are a loser â€Å". Of course, that was made me angry. Then I jumped into the water. Because I could not swim, I asked help to my friends, but they could not help me because they were far enough from me. Suddenly, I looked at a wood float on the water on my right side, I reached it and hold it. It had saved my life. I was so scare and took a deep breath. All of my friends laughed me and they came to me and took me to the land. They asked me that â€Å"why did not you tell us that you cannot swim ? â€Å" and just said† I just want to having fun with you all. † Then they took me to the water again and taught me to swim well. I tried it and one hour later I did it even it was not to well, but I had made good trying. They were so happy and so did I. That was a nice and unforgettable childhood. I have many best many friends and they are helpful. At that time, I realized that if we want to do something, we have to think about it well before, even it is just a little thing in our life. An important event changed my life – going to the university Everyone knows how Cinderella changed her life after meeting the prince. I have my own Cinderella story. I was a little girl who was always in shame. I studied hard but always got bad scores. All my friends were my neighbors. I had never gone to a far place without keeping my family company. However, an amazing change happened in 1989. I did not meet the prince, but passed the universities’ entrance examination. As lucky as Cinderella, I went to the top university of my country. My life was changed from that moment. The first change was independence. I lived in a church dormitory which was near the campus; my parents could not cook and do laundry for me anymore. I had to deal with everything by myself even handle accidents. Once, I fell down from a scooter and hurt my neck and head. I knew I had to save myself at that moment. My parents knew that their little girl had grown up after that. Now, I study alone in a country far from my hometown I can live here as well as I do in my own place. Getting confidence in myself has led me to more successes. I got my first award of the top five percent in my class in the second year. I was not as smart as a lot of geniuses on the campus, but I got great scores in my interesting subjects. I was active in student activities. We succeeded in holding a campus book exhibition. We survived a serious typhoon when we had a tour in the mountain area. When I became an elder student, I taught and took care of the younger students. An interesting major and abundant student activities built my confidence step by step. The last change deeply affects my work, my research, and my life now. The university provided a good environment to open my view. My university is famous for freedom – freedom of speech, freedom of life, and freedom in academics.