Organic and Whole Food Essay - 2216 Words

From the now popular recyclable cloth grocery bags, to the organic garden at the White House, food, and the food industry is changing. The popularity of organic and whole foods is on the rise. Processed foods are increasingly advertising that they are additive and preservative free, and all sorts of products now offer a â€Å"gluten-free† variety. The popularity of what is now being called the sustainable food movement, leads many to wonder why are some people willing to pay more, sometimes double, for organic produce, meat, eggs, and milk. Will this prove to be just another trendy American fad, or are there real health benefits from eating organic and whole foods? While the organic market only represents approximately 3% of the total food†¦show more content†¦However, some believe, that a shift in the way we produce food may have some unintended consequences. They contend that poverty in nations such as Africa and Asia, is caused by the low productivity of the unindu strialized farm labor. The U.S. Agriculture Department projects, without reform, there will be over a thirty percent increase in the numbers of the ‘food insecure’ people in those nations over the next decade (Paarlberg 179). Many support agricultural modernization, as a solution Africa’s, and many other impoverished nations hunger problems. This would include the industrialization of their agricultural industry, using modern, genetically enhanced seeds, and fertilizer. Yet, some of the same groups that are promoting the organic movement in the United States are advocating against the globalization of modern industrial agricultural practices (Paarlberg 179). Those who support modernization of such nations argue that the current process in inefficient, and inadequate. They believe that globalization of the highly capitalized, science-intensive, agricultural system that has been developed in the West, is the answer to the worlds hunger problems. They also warn that if the West abandons its current practices, it may fall victim to famine due to inadequate production (Paarlberg 179). However, supporters of organic production point to the fact that each year, approximately ten million tons of chemical fertilizer are poured onto our cornShow MoreRelatedWhole Foods : The Biggest Organic Food Market1723 Words   |  7 PagesWhole foods is the U.S’s biggest organic food market which has seen unsurmountable success because of its unique organizational setup and its cutting edge business model. Whole foods unique leadership structure and management style of its CEO, John Mackey, are large contributors to its success; along with the business core values. One would wonder, if such a radical culture can me maintained throughout the long run and if it’s so successful, why it wouldn’t work in my organization. Has Whole foodsRead MoreThe Whole Foods Market For Organic Foods And Encouraging Suppliers1615 Words   |  7 PagesWhole Foo ds Markets has been recognized as a leader in creating the modern market for organic foods and encouraging suppliers to meet standards for humane treatment of farm animals. They have also been in the news for violating Labor Laws in 2006. The company altered its sick-leave policy, froze wage increases, refused to provide information to the union that was necessary to negotiate a contract, and harassed and disciplined employees. Furthermore, they fired two truck drivers because they votedRead MoreWhole Foods Market: It’s Organic Essay1365 Words   |  6 Pagesthe co-founders of the current Whole Foods Market, simply wanted to provide quality healthy food to the American consumer. This was about three decades ago when the first store opened. According to Mackey, making money was not the first priory, but helping people to eat better was. Happily for Mackey and Lawson, the residents of Austin Texas were hungry, no pun intended, for just this type of product. At the time, thou gh there were several small independent healthy food stores, there was not a fullRead MoreWhole Foods Market : The Best Natural And Organic Foods2277 Words   |  10 PagesWhole Foods Market prides themselves as being America’s healthiest grocery store. The store finds the best natural and organic foods available to fulfill the strictest quality standards in the industry and maintains a commitment to sustainable agriculture. In 1980 it was founded in Austin, Texas when four local businesspeople decided the natural foods industry needed a supermarket format. The founders were John Mackey, Renee Lawson Hardy, Craig Weller, and Mark Skiles. Most of the growth in the companyRead MoreWhole Foods : The World s Largest Natural And Organic Foods1488 Words   |  6 PagesWhole Foods Whole Foods Market is the world’s largest natural and organic foods retailer with 289 locations in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom, articulates its business mission through the following motto: Whole Foods, Whole People, and Whole Planet. The company has stated core values elaborate on this motto: Levens, Michael (2011-01-11). Marketing: Defined, Explained, Applied (2nd Edition). Whole Foods product definition We will begin with mindset, Whole Foods instead of pursuingRead MoreWhole Foods Market Is A Supermarket That Carries Natural And Organic Foods990 Words   |  4 Pages Whole Foods Market, Inc is a supermarket that carries natural and organic foods. The company was founded by John Mackey, and Renee Lawson Hardy, who were owners of Safer Way Natural Foods. The other founders are Craig Weller and Mark Skiles who were owners of Clarksville Natural Grocery. They opened their first store in Austin Texas in 1980. In 1992 they completed their initial public offering and under NASDAQ Global Select Market they have the symbol of WFM. As of 2015 they have 431 storesRead MoreWhole Foods Market Is The Leading Natural And Organic Foods Supermarket Essay2257 Words   |  10 Pages Whole Foods Market is the leading natural and organic foods supermarket. They are the first national â€Å"certified organic† grocery store. 2015 might have been the worst year in the history of Whole Foods Market. Comparable sales had declined for the first time since the recession. There was a humiliating scandal involving mislabeled weights and prices, and the attac ks from rivals Kroger Inc., Costco Wholesale and Trader Joe’s only seemed to increase. This resulted in Whole Foods’ shared priceRead MoreWhole Foods Market Is The Largest Retailer Of Natural And Organic Foods2269 Words   |  10 Pages Whole Foods Market is a supermarket chain that specializes in natural and organic food and is considered the largest retailer of natural and organic foods in the United States. Whole Foods was incorporated in 1978 and came into existence on September 20th 1980 with a Grocery Store/ Health Food Store industry. Their product line includes meat, poultry, prepared foods, seafood, bakery, coffee etc. The company has only one operating supermarket segment that is natural and organic foods. In the yearRead MoreAs The Name Suggests, Whole Food Market Deals With Organic1917 Words   |  8 PagesAs the name suggests, Whole Food Market deals with organic foods that have no preservatives added. The main aim of the store was to provide people with organic food free from toxins. At the same time, they also aimed at rewarding farmers who whose aim was to protect the environment as well as human health. While establishing the business, the founders’ motivation was to tackle the issues that faced agriculture. They wanted to reduce the usage of pesticide and inorganic manure. They also hoped toRead MoreWhole Foods Market: Will There Be Enough Organic Food to Satisfy the Growing Demand?944 Words   |  4 PagesUnit 5: Whole Foods Market: Will There Be Enough Organic Food to Satisfy the Growing Demand? Kaplan University School of Business and Management MT 460 Management Policy and Strategy Tosha Collins Dr. K. Peterson 2/5/12 Introduction Whole Foods, founded by John Mackey, is one of the largest natural food grocery chains that is trying to bring a more organic and natural way of buying and consuming foods to its consumer base. In order to provide this to consumers, it is important that Whole Foods

The Minorities Vs. Entertainment War - 868 Words

The Minorities vs. Entertainment War The argument I plan to use is a battle between ethnicities and the entertainment companies that is transparent to the naked eye in the 21st century, the argument I plan to use is: the media and film industries are required to portray each minority fairly without racially profiling any ethnicity but turns a blind side to the current situation. Throughout the generation, entertainment has been an activity which provides diversion and permits people to amuse themselves in their leisure time, provide fun, enjoyment, and laughter. From telling stories around the campfire, to stage-plays such as â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† and â€Å"Julius Caesar† preformed in front of monumental crowds that had brought overwhelming emotions and relaxation. Today, the entertainment industry has been amplified due to cinema emerging through the combination of new advancements in technology and has broaden the media and film industries horizons, the entertainment business has opened up the â€Å"opportunity gates† and has taken a turn for many minorities (African Americans, Hispanics, Asian, etc.) to live the dream and be a part of the uncontrollable whirlwind of entertainment. However, in some cases, the media does not always shed the best limelight equally for each minority. For example, by looking at the past motion pictures and television shows that stared African Americans as unsophisticated young men and women who has impulsive behavior that has been influenced byShow MoreRelatedThe Minorities Vs. Entertainment War Essay882 Words   |  4 PagesThe Minorities vs. Entertainment War The argument I plan to use is a battle between ethnicities and the entertainment companies that is transparent to the naked eye in the 21st century, the argument I plan to use is: the media and film industries are required to portray each minority fairly without racially profiling any ethnicity but does not stay accountable to their word and actions. Throughout the generation, entertainment has been an activity which provides diversion and permits people to amuseRead MoreThe War Of The Civil Rights Movement1476 Words   |  6 PagesThe 1950s was a decade of prosperity, the economy was booming, military was strong, the beginning of the civil rights movement. In the 1960s the decade involved protest, the war in Vietnam, the fight for civil rights, and JFK. Then came the 1970s and it was known as the time of peace and love, equality for all, the ongoing war in Vietnam, and Nixon. Each decade after one another affected the next with foreign policy, domestic policy, politics, political leadership, the economy, and the social termsRead MoreSlavery: Northern v. Southern Essay663 Words   |  3 Pages Northern Wage Slavery vs. Slavery During the 1980s southern blacks from the United States dedicated to migrate to the north with the belief that the north had more opportunities and advantages blacks. Although, Frederick Douglas and Booker T. Washington opposed a migration to the north, millions of blacks migrated northward. The industries for the blacks migrating t o the north was what Douglas and Washington feared, black northern workers being placed in the same situation priorRead MoreThe War in Kashmir a Religious Conflict? Essay1687 Words   |  7 PagesSufis Muslim not orthodox Muslim. Numerous international events had influenced in the growth of Islamic fundamentalism in Kashmir. Jihad is not originally from Kashmir but they are foreign militancy bought during the end of the Soviet –Afghanistan War. Additionally, they are trained in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Pakistan Inter service Intelligence helped them to incorporate into organized militant groups. Pakistan helped Jihad group with full moral, poli tical and diplomatically. Even though KashmirRead MoreThe South Of The American South1398 Words   |  6 Pagesrice in South Carolina. Stated in The Literature of the American South, the vast number of these crops decreased cost and increased profit margins, influencing landowners to develop their workforce during the nineteenth century: the era of the Civil War. Sweat raced down the bodies of the overworked black men and women as the blistering southern sun beamed on their faces. Day after day of constant cotton picking, they were slowly stripped of their identities; they were machines whose only purpose wasRead MoreHuman Rights For The Disabled1304 Words   |  6 Pagescenturies of discrimination and mistreatment by people who thought nothing of them. During the 1800s, people with disabilities were used in circuses or in sideshows for entertainment or were put in an asylum for their whole life. They were thought to be abnormal and pitiful. The Disability Rights Movement began in the United States after World War One, because disabled veterans demanded care from the government. The problem has developed into a global effort to protect and aid these people, along with othersRead MoreThe American Dream By The 1970 S Essay1277 Words   |  6 Pageshas changed in an innumerable amount of ways. Past civilizations have laid the foundation for what we view it to be today. In the 1970s, people looked at a variety of aspects such as culture, political affairs (government), one’s appearance, and entertainment to fit their definition of â€Å"The American Dream†. The 1970’s helped shape and influence what people regard as the current American Dream. Living in the 70s was in the midst of a unique culture. Theatres in the 1970s were very popular asRead MoreAmerica s The New York Times1700 Words   |  7 Pagesmoment, many people are not pleased with the choices for the people heading these organizations and fear what may come of it. While this fear itself is not a social problem, the effects of these choices may result in social problems like poverty due to war, so it is important to keep a close eye on these situations. The FedEx trend is a very compelling example of a social issue; people were upset with the government, so during riots, they decided to burn an American flag. These riots and unrest are theRead MoreThe Impact of the Internet on Globalization Essay1276 Words   |  6 Pagesinternational audience. Thus, a general homogenization or internationalization of cultures arises, favoring Western developed nations, their languages and values, yet accompanied by an awareness of a resulting dilution or disappearance of l ocal and minority cultures. This worldwide diffusion of dominant Western and American cultures who are globalized through ownership of production and infrastructure gives â€Å"globalization† a negative connotation often termed hegemony, cultural imperialism, or AmericanizationRead MoreSports Broadcast Analysis of NBA Game: Use of the Televised Sports Manhood Formula in Sports Broadcasting2011 Words   |  9 PagesFor a professional sport broadcast I chose to cover a National Basketball Association (NBA) game of the New Jersey Nets playing in Philadelphia against the Philadelphia 76ers. The game was broadcast on the Yankees Entertainment and Sports (YES) network. This game featured the two teams with the lowest win percentage in their division of the NBA. This broadcast shows that the most popular professional sports still do exemplify the televised sports manhood formula introduced by Michael Messner in his

Planning Adoption Small Family Businesses †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Planning Adoption Small Family Businesses? Answer: Introduction An accounting information system is mainly a structure that is based on a business point of view which is mainly used to collect, manage, store, process and report financial data. This is mainly done by the consultants, accountants and the business analytics and tax agencies. An AIS implementation helps different departments within an organisation to work together towards a common goal of the business (Stannard et al. 2016). With a well-designed concept of the accounting information software everyone who is within the organisation structure can get the access to the same system with related to it the same information. An AIS can also help in simplifying the concept of getting any sort of information to the people outside the framework of the organisation (Abu-Dbai et al. 2016). The main aim of the report is to put emphasis on an accounting information system (AIS) software for a local garment wholesale company. Puttying into emphasis the implementation part related to the software, its monitoring aspect and the review plans liable to be operational in the case. Accounting information system (AIS) The accounting information process is mainly a formal process of collecting the data and the processing of the data into the information and distributing that information to the users. The main purpose of an accounting information system is to collect, store and process the accounting information and processes related to the financial and produce information report that managers or other parties have interest in order to make business decision. The function od accounting information system are: The first function that can be refer to the AIS is the efficiency and the affective collection and storing of data concerned with the organizations financial activity, including the transaction data from the source documents, posting of data from the ledger to the journals The second function that can be taken into account is to supply the information in order to make decision, including managerial reports and statements related to the financial. The third and the most important function is to make sure that the control are in place to accurately record and process the overall data which is involved in the process. Selected Accounting information system (ERP) The Enterprise resource planning system adaptation has marked a large impact on the evolution with the concept of the accounting information system. Modern accounting information system have the great potential of influencing the performance with regards to the business orientation point of view (Thakur 2016). The Acumatica cloud ERP can be considered as the only secure, browser and cloud based mid-size and small size business ERP solution that can be adopted in the stated case study related to the local garment whole company (Stannard et al. 2016). Type of implementation project The Acumatica there are mainly three types of projects that could be implemented: Express implementation is mainly functional out of the box (OBB); the customer in this case is considered as a single entity without the implementation of complex processes Standard the implementation is on a single or multiple entities that are mainly concerned with minimal customization and add on solutions which are concerned with single currency and language Advanced implementation is concerned with single or multiple entities with aspect to various location, language and multiple currency (Al-Mashari et al. 2017) Stages of implementation Discovery: this stage mainly comprises of mainly defining the vision, need, scope of the overall project and commitment which is obtained from the customers point of view. Plan and monitor: this phase mainly consist of processes that involve deploying a strategy in order to complete the work, as well as take the overall measures which is needed to identify the progress and on the other hand take corrective actions as required and needed. This phase mainly occurs throughout the process of implementation (Umble et al. 2016). Analyse: this stage can be concerned as a detailed level related to the discovery and mainly consist of processes that involve gathering the requirement and analysing the business need of the client. Build: the strategy which is identified is mainly carried out in this phase. Stabilize: this phase mainly consists of processes mainly to ensure a solution meet from the prospective of the client and ready for deployment into a live production environment. This also includes the aspect of the clients readiness to use the solution (Lasisi, Owens, and Udagedara 2017). Deploy: this include the features that would deploy the solution into the environment of production. Post Go live: processes that are in place in order to support the clients ones they are live into the solution which mainly leads to the projects closer (Issar and Navon 2016). Monitoring The monitoring aspect in the case can be directly be related to tracking, report progress and reviewing the aspect of the projects (Altamony et al. 2016). This is mainly done in order to meet the performance level objectives which are defined in the ERP project management methodology. Regularly accessing the project in the field of scope, timeline, benchmark goals and budget would directly ensure that there are no surprises amidst the total implementation phase (Stannard et al. 2016). Well planned projects sometimes need time to time changes which can be incorporated due to mainly factors. Therefore, it can be stated that following processes are very much essential. In order to verifying the scope, it mainly includes monitoring the status of the project and managing the scope with its baseline (Kurbel 2016). With the phase it also requires a re-visiting aspect to the other processes which are involved in the group mainly to ensure that all the objectives are meet according to the req uirement. if the other case happens that the requirement is not meet refection of the changes should be made according because the case of the approach continuing towards the competition would be directly effected in such a scenario (Altamony et al. 2016). Another important aspect which can be related to the monitoring is the cost related issue. There can be many factors which affect the issue of the cost throughout the time light with regards to the project. There should be monitoring done on the aspect of any changes that directly encounter the monitory aspect or changes in the overall budget of the project. In order to take the measures communication should be very much clear and accurate (Brewster et al. 2016). Review Plan The ERP systems main success rate rests on the data integration of the data (Kurbel 2016). The main concept behind the implementation of the ERP is that it eliminates the main need for the individual data store, coordination of disparate data systems and need for duplicate data (Hong et al. 2016). The review plan that can be directly be implemented from the prospective of the plan can include: Inaccurate data Difficulties that can be in the field of sharing and reporting information Dependence related to human intervention and manual processes Problem associated with seamless customer service between offices Heavily reliance on computing centre staff Lack of process improvements which can be related to lack of capacity A reductant, disorganized structure related to the database (Altamony et al. 2016). The review plan actually involves judging the overall working of the system in order to reach the desired result which is expected from the implementation of the process. the direct implementation into the process wit7h the concern of the organisation any sometimes be a challenging part due to the different estimation factor which are involved in the process. but ones the overall concept of the technology is taken into account the advantages that can be received from the concept can be very much beneficial from the point of view of the customer (Lasisi, Owens, and Udagedara 2017). Conclusion It can be concluded form the report that there are many advantages that can be achieved with the implementation for the technique of the ERP. On the other hand, many large organisation find the enterprise wide ERP suites not always carter to the main demand of the business. In order to satisfy the requirement of the department and the subsidiaries the organisation just need to turn to the mid- market ERP vendors that have products within a niche industry being the main focus. This mainly results to a 2 tier ERP, but it should be considered that there are needs of integration between the products and the enterprise wide system. The reluctance in order to standardise on a single product would directly mean that emerging SaaS based ERP products will often serve niches too it. Recommendation Focusing on the main requirement only Going on with the main requirement and not lagging behind into information which are not important, the total planning would go wrong Robust solution Design In order to make the ERP system functional the need of robust solution should be done upfront. The documentation of each and every scenario should be there so that improvement can be applied to the overall concept. Strong internal project management organisation The internal project management should be strong in which the time involved in the overall concept is minimized. Test, test and test Testing should be done every time once the system starts and it should be a continuous process in order to detect any bugs involved in the process. References Abu-Dbai, A., Breitgand, D., Gershinsky, G., Glikson, A. and Ahmed, K., 2016, June. Enterprise Human Resource Management in Mesos Clusters. In Proceedings of the 9th ACM International on Systems and Storage Conference (p. 17). ACM. Al-Mashari, M., Al-Mudimigh, A. and Zairi, M., 2017. Enterprise resource planning: A taxonomy of critical factors. European journal of operational research, 146(2), pp.352-364. Altamony, H., Tarhini, A., Al-Salti, Z., Gharaibeh, A. and Elyas, T., 2016. The relationship between change management strategy and successful enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementations: A theoretical perspective. International Journal of Business Management and Economic Research, 7(4), pp.690-703. Brewster, C., Houldsworth, E., Sparrow, P. and Vernon, G., 2016. International human resource management. Kogan Page Publishers. Hong, S.G., Hong, S.G., Siau, K., Siau, K., Kim, J.W. and Kim, J.W., 2016. The impact of ISP, BPR, and customization on ERP performance in manufacturing SMEs of Korea. Asia Pacific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1), pp.39-54. Issar, G. and Navon, L.R., 2016. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). In Operational Excellence (pp. 33-36). Springer International Publishing. Kurbel, K.E., 2016. Enterprise resource planning and supply chain management. SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN AN. Lasisi, M.O., Owens, J.D. and Udagedara, S., 2017. Key benefits of enterprise resource planning adoption within small family businesses: a conceptual framework. Stannard, L., Imbimbo, D. and Huff, B., Bigrentz Inc., 2016.Enterprise resource management. U.S. Patent Application 14/997,296. Thakur, M.A., 2016. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Implementation in Technical Educational Institutes: Prospects and Challenges. International Journal of Multifaceted and Multilingual Studies, 3(2). Umble, E.J., Haft, R.R. and Umble, M.M., 2016. Enterprise resource planning: Implementation procedures and critical success factors. European journal of operational research, 146(2), pp.241-257.

Those Winter Sundays The Relations of a Father and a Son

Robert Hayden was one of those American authors, who created unbelievably deep and captivating poems with certain meaning and intention. Usually, his poems concentrate readers’ attention on such themes like black man’s place in this world, his desire to find out own identity, and numerous fights, a black man has to face in the streets almost every day. Many Hayden’s works touch not only readers’ minds but also their souls.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Those Winter Sundays: The Relations of a Father and a Son specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These poems can make a person look at this world in absolutely different ways and realize that past challenges cost nothing in comparison to the challenges other people cope with day by day. Those Winter Sundays is a poem, in which Robert Hayden describes family relations, father’s constant sacrifices and unbelievable devotion that made a man neglect own pain and discontent in order to provide his family with warm and care, which were so obligatory their lives. Those Winter Sundays is the story about family relations, where a father plays the most important role because he works so hard with his â€Å"cracked hands that ached from labor† (Hayden n.p.). In this poem, the message of the author is based on his own life and his childhood. He was raised by his foster parents (Greasley 251), because his true parents separated before the child even was born. Considerable age gap between him and his father, William, deprived young Robert of the opportunity to comprehend his foster father’s love to its full extent. William had to get up early every day in order to provide his family with the necessary comfort as well as the character from the poem did (Formann 8). â€Å"Sundays to my father got up early†¦the cold splintering, breaking† (Hayden n.p.). These lines introduce a serious point to the reade r: a father sacrifices so many things and even his own health but creates warm for his son and his family. It does not matter what time is now, what weather is outside; the father realizes his duties and has to find more powers to help his family to start this new day more or less comfortably. Even if his actions are not noticeable for his family, somewhere inside, he knows that his efforts will be soon appreciated. On my opinion, each father has to think about his family’s comfort. However, this family has to take care about the father as well, but in this case, â€Å"no one ever thanked him† (Hayden n.p). A son in the poem gets a chance to analyze how unfair and terrible his father’s work actually is; but through the lines, the reader also comprehends that this son is not satisfied with the fact that his father spends so much time far from him. He is too young to understand that this care is much more important than just simple being together, and this devotio n is the one that is reasonable and fair.Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More â€Å"Robert Hayden is brother to many things† (Goldstein and Chrisman 59). His poems are considered to be a unique treasure that teaches the reader to be careful with each person and with each detail in this life. Children are usually so absent-minded and so blind, and their understanding of parents’ duties leads to a wrong way, the way that makes them be upset with own parents. Those Winter Sundays should open each reader’s eyes and prove that in this world, there are only two people, who can sacrifice everything to you, and they are your parents. Works Cited Formann, Wiebke. Family Portrayals in â€Å"A Ballad of Remembrance† – How Robert Hayden Dealt with His â€Å"Greatest Discouragement†. Norderstedt Germany: GRIN Verlag, 2007. Print. Goldstein, Laurence and Chrisman, Robert. Robert Hayden: Essays on the Poetry. Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 2001. Print. Greasley, Philip. Dictionary of Midwestern Literature: The Authors. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 2001. Print. Hayden, Robert. â€Å"Those Winter Sundays.† Poet Seers. 31 Oct. 2009. http://www.poetseers.org/poetry/winter-sundays/ This essay on Those Winter Sundays: The Relations of a Father and a Son was written and submitted by user Saniyah Kennedy to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Costa Rica Essay Example

Costa Rica Essay The countrys official name is Republica de Costa Rica or Republic of Costa Rica.In Spanish Costa Rica means rich coast.You will find the country in Central America.Both water and land surround it.The Pacific Ocean is to the west and the Caribbean Sea is to the east.North of Costa Rica is Nicaragua and the country of Panama is south of it.There are 3 geographical regions in Costa Rica.One is the Pacific Coast, which includes 3 peninsulas, steep cliffs, and sandy beaches.Another region there is the Central Highlands.Here is where the capital and other populous cities remain.Because of its higher elevation there is more rainfall and humidity.The last region is the Caribbean Lowlands.Obviously this is made up of lowlands, but there are the occasional volcanoes and hills.White and black sand beaches are also found here. Two major Indian nations dominated Costa Rica when the Spaniards arrived.They are the Chorotega and the Chibcha.Christopher Columbus was thefirst European to go to Costa R ica.He found the Indians to be nice and seemed to have a lot of gold, so he reported this to the Spanish.This is how the name came about and why the Spaniards went because they believed the Indians would be easy to conquer. Little did they know that the Indians would put up a fight and were not all that easy to conquer.They did eventually conquer they in war and by diseases.Some Indians also left Costa Rica because of fear of being enslaved.The Spaniards also did not find Costa Rica rich with gold.Many years later, an American named William Walker tried to defeat all of Central America to make them slave states for the U.S.He eventually failed and a young drummer boy named, Juan Santamaria, is remembered as a national hero for setting fire to the building Walkers troops were in forcing them to leave the building.Costa Rica eventually won and as a country they becam

Recruitment Interview Essays

Recruitment Interview Essays Recruitment Interview Essay Recruitment Interview Essay Recruitment Interview Introduction Recruitment is one of the key processes of any business, often viewed as the most critical (Laroche Rutherford 2007, 24). Sometimes the process is attempted with little planning because directors trust they recognize what sort of individual they need and have a gut feel for who will do it a good job for them. The consequence of picking the wrong person could be costly and the organization can suffer losses. The person picked for the job might not be competent of skilled enough to meet the customers demands and the companies expectation. In regards to this, the human resource manager has given the mandate by the organization to create a recruitment process that follows protocol for better and best selection of companys employees. One of the key areas of consideration in the selection process is the recruitment interview. This is where the corporation gets to interact with the job applicants for the purpose of interviewing them for the selection process. The article seeks to discuss a nd explains key skills required to prepare, conduct and conclude grievance and disciplinary cases effectively and also critically evaluate the skills needed to do recruitment interviews effectively. Recruiter skills Skills in Dealing with Grievance and Disciplinary Cases The first skill to dealing with grievance and disciplinary cases is better preparation and questioning skills. According to Laroche and Rutherford (2007, 34-62), the allegations must be clearly defined for the purpose of investigation. More concern must be emphasized on the nature and scope of the allegations. For formal cases, there should be a discussion on the scope of investigation with the employee who tabled the formal grievance. An examination can essentially be the social event of facts taking a look at existing documentation, for instance, identifying with the past informal or formal administration forms embraced to address an issue. In different examples it might require the arranged and efficient of data collected, interviewing of important witnesses and breaking down significant reports, records, and strategies to decide next strides. How and whom to gather information from has to be considered, it is also questionable to examine the timescales of data collection, analysi s and submission of the report (Compton ; Nankervis 1991). It is significant to look for witnesses to help in the investigation by getting in touch with them, explaining them the situation, checking their potential relevance and seek their agreement to participate in the process.; Other resources that might be evident in the case need to be collected or documented. It is also mandatory to prepare questions that need to be asked to obtain information (Saundry, Latreille ; Ashman 2016). The questions have to be relevant to the information one needs to collect either from the witness, defendant or the one with the grievance. An active listening skill is also another aspect to consider in this process.; This skill focuses on the person one is listening to, for the purpose of understanding what message is being passed.; Taylor (2007, 120) indicate that Good listener always tries to compose the words and statements made to come up with enhancing better decision making. In this case, one has to listen to both parties on their grievances and disciplinary matters to ascertain the truth behind these claims. At these instances of conflicts, people blame each other, and sometimes the level of emotions can rise. According to Laroche and Rutherford (2007, 45), active listening is a successful device to lessen the feeling of a circumstance. Each time the instructor accurately names a sense, the force of it scatters. The speaker feels heard and caught on. Once the emotional level has been decreased, thinking capacities can work all the more successfully. On the off chance that the emotions are high, instructors ought to manage the emotions first by utilizing active listening skills. Robust utilization of active listening skills can transform a testing circumstance into a co-agent circumstance. There is a need to poses non-verbal communication. Excellent communication established a better foundation for successful relationships. Significant nonverbal communication results to right gestures, posture, eye contact, facial expression and tonal variation. The discussion by Compton and Nankervis (1991, 113) notes that the capacity to comprehend and utilize nonverbal communication is a capable tool that can help one border with others, express what they truly mean, and fabricate better connections. Non-verbal communication is not just significant in an open day by day communication. It can take dissimilar composition, each of which delineates a specific part of the verbal communication. It includes a diverse source of mechanism that can be determined through this skill. Having a goal to attain on the capacity to work legitimately, translators need to understand non-verbal signals. This is conceivable because a unique piece of our mind manages the emotional part of the message. Int elligence, as well as emotional intelligence, is required for translating non-verbal components (Taylor 2007). Pacing and timing are of the essence when dealing with grievances and disciplinary cases. The time taken during the case can have positive or negative impacts on the case. For instance, it the time taken was too short, the possibly can be that the decision reached were not appropriate because there was no enough information collected. Taking a long time also can destroy the information because the accused can have the time to destruct the witnesses or even bribe them to give false information (Armstrong 1999). The pacing and timing of the cases must be calculative. It should bring the positive picture and an accurate reflection of the case being investigated. It is also good to give both parties time to prepare themselves for the hearing or interview during the process. Laroche and Rutherford (2007, 34-62) further insists that they have to be given a reasonable measure of paid time off to permit them to brief themselves working on this issue, Ensure you hold the listening to so the p artner can go to.; Logical reasoning is the capacity to anticipate suggestions past decisions. With Logical reasoning, one of the capital learning improvements is a consciousness of varying ways to deal with a problem, nearby a capacity to evaluate those methodologies. As opposed to depending on a standard, Haimann and Hilgert (1972, 38) indicates that uniform problem-solving strategy, you can figure out how to distinguish other, regularly more practical, methods, definitely expanding your success. Enhancing this skill likewise helps the one be a judicious mastermind as opposed to being rash. With these skills, one would be more capable of solving complex problem-solving circumstances smoothly, which additionally help the decision-making process. Not just will one turn into a more reasoned and adjusted problem solver, he/she will take in the two sorts of reasoning ; inductive and deductive ; and when it is proper to utilize one over the other. Establishing decisions in reason and rationale over feeling or sense makes for viable problem solving.; How to conduct a job interview Skills to Conduct Recruitment Interviews Effectively Listening skills: Develop your listening skills. Being a substantial audience will demonstrate your enthusiasm for the applicant and urge them to discuss their qualifications. I specifically apply this while employing telecommuters. According to Ricketts (2003), It will help you get the best individual accessible and keep them long haul, regardless of the possibility that they are working remotely. In this way, so as to acquire an ideal data, it is fundamental that one know about his specific channels that have a tendency to block if not avoid clear and moderately undistorted gathering of data (Taylor 2007).; Rating System: New interviewers may be enticed to utilize the underlying imitation that every curriculum vitae submitted can act as a better guide selecting the best candidate for the job. This method is inappropriate professionally. Armstrong (1999) indicates that neglecting to rate every criterion for every confident before contrasting applicants can lead with selecting someone who is agreeable, however not ideal for the employment. The qualified candidates cannot be picked just by a virtual of superstition and probability; they have to be interviewed in order to select the best among them. Without assessing every skill against a standard, Compton and Nankervis (1991, 28-45) indicate that one may end up being influenced in your psyche to pick the best of an awful parcel as opposed to running the entire thing over once more. A compelling assessment rates every hopeful in every success component and thinks about him or her against set criteria.; Building Rapport: The general tone of the meeting ought to be supportiveness and agreeableness to minimize the prompt boundaries to blunt communication. An honest to goodness endeavor ought to be made to comfort the interviewee, particularly in occupation application, advancement, or different meetings where significant differences in status exist. Unless there is a specified adjustment period, the interviewee might be notable decrease his or her level of tension, with the subsequent loss of the whole session (Laroche ; Rutherford 2007). A portion of this versatile process is acclimation with the environment. It is an often overlooked clich; that at whatever point an individual is put in an odd circumstance, he gets to be distinctly uncertain. Seekers mindset: There are such a variety of approaches to source for ability. There is a wealth of locales, systems, instruments, and stages all implicit some design to make a scouts life less demanding. However, it is the means by which the human resource management uses that will have the effect the recruitment. Ricketts (2003) argues that everything begins with the mindset of the person. Enrollment specialists are big-game seekers, and having the attitude to chase and be determined until the chase is done is a valuable skill set. If the human resource department that does the recruitment process does not observe the procedures promptly, that is not the seeker mindset one need. You need someone who will utilize frosty calling, web-based social networking, Boolean inquiries, systems, and so on keeping in mind the end goal to locate the most grounded and most-qualified people (Haimann ; Hilgert 1972). Structured interview: There is need to have an arranged interviewing process where competitors feel they can introduce their skills and capacities, and the contracting supervisor is formally locked in. The best method for accomplishing this sort of organized meeting among the business specialists we asked is by consolidating both behavioral and situational inquiries questions (Compton ; Nankervis 1991). Conclusion; In conclusion, the human resource department plays a significant role in employee;s participation in the organization and also through the process of recruitment; good employs are destined to increase the productivity of the company. The two discussions and explanation on key skills required to prepare, conduct and conclude grievance and disciplinary cases effectively and also critically evaluate the skills needed to do recruitment interviews effectively, gives some of the effective skills needed in the organization for better service rendering and management. Reference list Armstrong, M. 1999. A handbook of human resource management practice. London, Kogan; Page.; Arthur, D. 1998. Recruiting, interviewing, selecting ; orienting new employees. New York,; AMACOM.; Baer, W. E. 1970. Grievance handling; 101 guides for supervisors. [New York], American; Management Association. Bureau Of National Affairs Arlington, Va.. 1963. Government employee relations report.; Washington, Bureau of National Affairs. Center For Professional Responsibility American Bar Association. 1990. Model rules of professional conduct. Chicago, Ill, American Bar Association. Compton, R. L., ; Nankervis, A. R. 1991. Effective recruitment ; selection practices. North; Ryde, N.S.W., CCH Australia. Cornelius, N. 2001. Human resource management: a managerial perspective. London, Thomson; Learning. Cunningham, J. B. 2016. Strategic human resource management in the public and non-profit; sectors: a managerial perspective. Dale, M. 2006. The essential guide to recruitment: how to conduct great interviews and select; the best employees. London, Kogan Page. Haimann, T., ; Hilgert, R. L. 1972. Supervision: concepts and practices of management.; Cincinnati, South-Western Pub. Co. Laroche, L., ; Rutherford, D. 2007. Recruiting, retaining, and promoting culturally different; employees. Amsterdam, Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann. Ricketts, C. 2003. Leadership: personal development and career success. Albany, Delmar; Thomson Learning. Saundry, R., Latreille, P. L., ; Ashman, I. 2016. Reframing resolution: innovation and change in the management of workplace conflict.; Taylor, I. 2007. A practical guide to assessment centres and selection methods: measuring; competency for recruitment and development. London, Kogan Page Ltd.;

A specific function of an element of the U.S.Department of Homeland Research Paper

A specific function of an element of the U.S.Department of Homeland Security...I want to ICE - Research Paper Example However, it seems that many had barely looked at the surface, while credits for the many accomplishments in the preservation of national security were enjoyed by renowned groups only. There is more to ICE than meets the eye. Crime has many forms, and until one is committed, authorities may not be instigated to design the appropriate laws and the organization to enforce them. The establishment of the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) entails a long history of trial and error. From a small unit, it evolved into an all-encompassing crime-busting organization, and front-liner in the operation against terrorism. In fact, before 9/11, immigration and customs authorities were not widely recognized as an effective counterterrorism tool in the United States. ICE changed this by creating a host of new systems to better address national security threats and to detect potential terrorist activities in the United States. ICE targets the people, money, and materials that support terrorist criminal activity (Fay, 2007, p. 591) So much was the impact of the 9-11 tragedy that the Government addressed areas of â€Å"national security† before all other concerns. Intelligence planned to engage in strategies to monitor all means of communications and dissemination of information. The President made efforts to build close relationships with his counterparts abroad to extend the nation’s scope of alliance. Federal authorities created ICE to ensure that whatever the cause of the blunder was, it will not happen again. Today, although ICE is hardly ever portrayed in the big screen like the FBI and CIA, and thus is not identified by many, it is always included in the cast when national security is at risk. They perform such functions that affect millions of lives, directly and indirectly. Since then, the United States has not been subjected to anymore instance of terrorist attack, and the question lies on whether it was due to ICE’s effective performance, or

Depression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Depression - Essay Example The major concentration of noradrenergic neurons relates to the locus ceruleus existing within the middle brain. Noradrenaline is essential in inhibiting and stimulating various emotional responses such as anxiety, stress, aggression, and sleep patterns. On the other hand, serotonin regulates pain, anxiety, pleasure, arousal, and sleep behavior during the sleep-wake cycle. In an attempt to manage extreme cases or incidents of depression, medical and psychological practitioners adhere to a set of standard practice process. First, there is need to focus on psychiatric management. Psychiatric management involves the establishment and maintenance of therapeutic alliance and evaluation of the patient’s safety. As a process, it enhances the coordination of patients’ care, monitoring of the patient’s psychiatric status and eventual improvement of the treatment adherence. The process is also fundamental to the provision of appropriate education to the patient and family. During the acute phase, there is need to focus on the utilization of appropriate treatment modalities such as somatic therapies, pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy while adhering to the condition of the patient. In addition, there is a substantial need for medical practitioners and nurses to determine clinical factors that might influence treatment process. The standard pr actice for management of the disease within my community adheres to the state and national practices with the intention of enhancing effectiveness and efficiency in the achievement of improved health conditions of the target audiences. There are diverse characteristics and resources for patients to manage depression effectively and efficiently. First, patients should access information that helps in managing depression. In addition, the patients who manage depression effectively and efficiently have the potentiality of enhancing their

Information Technology Training Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Information Technology Training - Essay Example In any business organization, the core responsibility of the management is to ensure the consistency of its stakeholders' relationships, to establish that the planned output can be achieved with the planned inputs of labour, capital, and materials. For each of these relationships, there is a corresponding financial flow. Herein, the firm receives sales revenues from its customer, makes payments for to its suppliers, meets its wage bill and its tax bills and pays a return to its investors (Brancheau, Janz and Wetherbe, 1996). These are being totalled and summarized in the business value statements while the competitive environment- the relationship between the firm and its rivals-determines the degree to which the business value can be created. The purpose of any business strategy is to put together a set of relationships which maximize and meet the needs of any industry and to minimise problems. The merging of information technology and the business strategy in order to ensure growth and competitiveness of the company is often called strategic alignment. This happens when the Information Technology management performance merged with the most essential strategies and core proficiency of the business organisation (Burn, 1993). When both of these are being aligned, the capability of the Information Technology (IT) becomes consistent and amalgamated with the central strategic path of the organization as a whole, which allows different stakeholders to create a particular Information Technology linked business forces and organizational strategic ways and directions. The strategic alignment of the business strategy and the information technology management is not only risk-taking to the efficacy and efficiency of the organization to create a business value in using Information technology. The complexities of achieving business success through increased efficiency, effectiveness and competitiveness, combined with innovative applications of IT, has heightened the awareness of both IT and business managers towards more strategically oriented approaches for planning and management (Luftman, Lewis & Oldach, 1993). Some studies suggest that no business or corporate strategy is complete if there is no information systems strategy. For most firms it is the business strategy that increasingly is dependent on, or made possible by, investment in appropriate information systems. For some, however, the corporate strategy may be linked closely to information systems, especially if information technology provides the infrastructure through which the firm positions itself in its sector or plans to diversify or integrate into another sector. Using Information technology in a business signifies different advantages and disadvantages. It is said that people are living through an era in which organizations within industrialized societies are experiencing a prolific growth in the development and deployment of information and communications technologies. The development of an IT-strategy discourse has thus been partly the result of technology developments. It also reflects however a more widespread concern

Measuring Regional Economic Performance

Measuring Regional Economic Performance Introduction: Indicators on the economic performance of regional and territories inside districts are vital for compelling provincial policymaking. The drivers of the Economic performance of a region are measured over various other factor like industrial restructuring, global competitiveness etc. which has now become the global concerns as well. In this article, we are going to discuss the different measures of the regional economic performance and review how they are relevant and useful to understand our economic spaces. Economic measures: The need to utilize better furthermore even more boundless markers has been identified and future territorial approach is liable to concentrate on empowering all districts to understand the maximum capacity of their advantages, and in addition helping the poorest performing regions to close the hole with the better performing area (Skousen 2013). GVA and GDP are two well-known examples of the measures of the regional economic performance. However, the different measures of regional economic indicators include the other factors like Labor market, Productivity, skills, innovation, enterprise, investment, and competition. Regional Output or GVA (Gross Value Added): GVA is the worth produced by any unit occupied with a generation movement.in other words, it is value added to the materials and other inputs in the production of goods and services by the organizations of that region before any capital consumption or calculation of depreciation (Economic Performance and Developent n.d.). It is measured at current essential costs, barring expenses (fewer appropriations) on items. GVA in addition to expenses (fewer endowments) on items is proportionate to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Avellaneda 2006). The information utilized here is delivered utilizing the pay methodology or GVA (I). GVA is the common factor used by most of the countries for measuring the economic development of the nations (Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress n.d.). As we know that the main source of GVA are productivity and income, which do vary. GVA calculations equation is the simple ratio of the economic activity carried in a region divided by the total number of population, i.e. people living in that region. However, in real sense to measure the productivity the equation should be rationalized by the total economic activity of that country by the total number of labor inputs (total job hours worked) utilized to create it. GV has numerator as the work place and the denominator is residence based which reflects the fact the GVA does not consider (Dunnell n.d.): the work force like youngsters or pensioners who are not direct contributors of the GVA, in other words we can say percentage gap in the regional differences of the residents. commuters who work in an out for the work variation in the labor market structure (for e.g. Full time or part time) across the regions. Because of the aforementioned factors, the GVA is made unsuitable per head and gives inconsistent results. This can be explained with an example that the place where high commuters are there will have higher GVA as compared to those where the commuters are in low quantity (International journal of Urban and Regional Research n.d.). GDP or Gross Domestic Product: Gross Domestic Product of an economic region provides the measure of the total economic activity of a country or the region. This means the Economic consists of total number of products and services produced in a country per annum (HALL TEWDWR-JONES 2011). Governments and specialists need to know whether the provincial approach help really prompts a get up to speed procedure, and the media frequently utilize the marker to analyze the monetary execution of locales and make rankings (Regional Studies 2015). Productivity: Productivity is a measure of the proficiency of production. It is the proportion of yield delivered to the inputs needed in the generation process. Because of work gainfulness, it gives a measure of yield every work data, where the work info can be either filled employments or hours lived up to expectations. It is A vast piece of the distinctions in productivity between the regions are because of diverse laborer characteristics. Other parts of a nearby economy, for example, the levels of development and business new companies can likewise affect benefit levels. These profits to financial productivity emerge from working in a thick city environment. The Labor Market: Labor Market consists of the different segments, they are – employment, unemployment, under employment and Economic inactivity (Davis Haltiwanger 2014). For most locales/nations, the information recommends work rates have been climbing even more as of late, despite the fact that the increment is not generally measurably critical. Monetary dormancy alludes to individuals who are not in occupation or unemployed, for instance individuals who are taking care of a home or family, or have resigned or are long haul sick. Net livelihood development is the quantity of employments made by growing and opening foundations short the quantity of occupations devastated by contracting and shutting foundations. Income and Earnings: Gross Disposable Household Income (GDHI) every head is prescribed as a measure of the territorial welfare of people. GDHI speaks to the measure of cash accessible inside the family unit part for spending or sparing after pay conveyance measures (for instance charges, social commitments, and profits) have taken effect. A key part of family unit pay is profit from business. This is income left after consumption connected with salary, e.g. assessments and social commitments, property possession and procurement for future annuity wage. It is figured horrible of any reasoning for capital utilization. GVA not every head is prescribed as a measure of welfare for various reasons. Case in point, because of driving, inhabitants may get their earnings from monetary movement in an alternate area, which is not caught by GVA every leader of their district. They might likewise have wellsprings of wage, which are irrelevant to current work, for example, annuities, and ventures. These are incorporated in the GDHI measure (ECONOMIC GROWTH AND TRADE 2015). Innovation: Development is an important, albeit not sufficient, condition for monetary achievement and is along these lines perceived as an imperative driver of gainfulness. Development involves, amongst different things, the improvement of new advancements that build productivity and the presentation of new, products that are more significant and administrations. It additionally incorporates intangibles, for example, new systems for working and enhancements to administrations. International Competitiveness: Competition from organizations based abroad upgrades the benefit of UK firms by making motivations to advance and guaranteeing that assets are distributed to the most proficient firms. Despite the fact that organizations may be focused without sending out abroad, fares give an evidence of how worldwide areas and nations are in their viewpoint and their capacity to face worldwide rivalry. Fares as a rate of GVA do not show that fares straightforwardly contribute this offer to GVA. Rather, GVA is utilized just as a valuable denominator to think about the relative commitment of fares. Conclusion: No single pointer can give a sufficient premise to evaluating a locales financial execution. The gainfulness of those working in a locale can be high, while family salary of occupants may be low because of moderately vast quantities of individuals. Utilizing a catch-all marker cant represent the fluctuating territorial exhibitions on gainfulness, wage and work market issues. The above has demonstrated that there can be contrasts in provincial monetary execution. Variety is significantly stronger inside districts – between little authoritative ranges, between the distinctive sorts of country and urban territories, or between city locales. Certain sorts of organizations benefit from being in close closeness to direct contenders. They can make utilization of a more prominent pool of suppliers, a bigger client base, and access to neighborhood systems, which can encourage learning and innovation spillovers. Bibliography Allen, K 2014, UK on track to be fastest growing G7 economy despite slowdown, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/oct/24/uk-economic-growth-slows>. Avellaneda, SD 2006, Good Governance,Institutions and Economic Development:Beyond the Conventional Wisdom, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.upf.edu/dcpis/_pdf/sdellepiane.pdf>. Berger, PDT 2010, An Overview and Analysis on Indices of Regional Competitiveness, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.bapress.ca/Journal-2/An%20Overview%20and%20Analysis%20on%20Indices%20of%20Regional%20Competitiveness.pdf>. Davis, SJ Haltiwanger, J 2014, Labor Market Fluidity and Economic Performance, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.kc.frb.org/publicat/sympos/2014/083014-1.pdf>. Dunnell, K, National Statistician’s article: measuring regional economic performance, viewed 22 Feb 2015. ECONOMIC GROWTH AND TRADE 2015, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.usaid.gov/haiti/economic-growth-and-trade>. Economic Performance and Developent, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.hsrc.ac.za/en/departments/economic-performance-and-development>. Economic performance and sustainable growth, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.esrc.ac.uk/about-esrc/mission-strategy-priorities/economic-performance.aspx>. Galor, O 2013, Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, no. 10887, http://www.springer.com/economics/growth/journal/10887>. International journal of Urban and Regional Research, viewed 21 Feb 2015, http://www.ijurr.org/view/index.html>. Joseph Stiglitz, ASAJ-PF, The Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress Revisited, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.stiglitz-sen-fitoussi.fr/documents/overview-eng.pdf>. Lequiller, F, Is GDP a satisfactory measure of growth?, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.oecdobserver.org/news/archivestory.php/aid/1518/Is_GDP_a_satisfactory_measure_of_growth_.html>. Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.oecd.org/statistics/measuring-economic-social-progress/>. Measuring economic performance in your region (covering the indicator Regional Gross Domestic Product), viewed 21 Feb 2015, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/ytos/measuring-economic-performance-in-your-region>. Moore, S Griffith, J 2015, The Freedom Path to Economic Growth: A Comparative Analysis of Country Performance, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.heritage.org/index/book/chapter-3>. North, DC, Economic performance through time, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/2118057?sid=21105420472021uid=2uid=4>. Performance indicators, viewed 21 Feb 2015, http://www.economicsonline.co.uk/Managing_the_economy/Measuring_performance.html>. Pettinger, T 2014, Key measures of economic performance, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.economicshelp.org/blog/10189/economics/key-measures-economic-performance/>. Regional Economic Indicators 2014, viewed 21 Feb 2015, http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/regional-trends/regional-economic-indicators/march-2013/regional-economic-indicatorsmarch-2013.html#tab-The-labour-market>. Regional Studies 2015, vol 49, no. 3. Skousen, M 2013, Beyond GDP: Get Ready For A New Way To Measure The Economy, viewed 22 Feb 2015, http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2013/11/29/beyond-gdp-get-ready-for-a-new-way-to-measure-the-economy/>. Slaper, T, Measuring the Economic Performance of Regions: Creative Destruction and Economic Dynamism, viewed 21 Feb 2015, http://www.ibrc.indiana.edu/ibr/2014/summer/article1.html>.

Literature Review Celebrity Chef Essay

This review should bring all relevant facts about the subject and facilitate practitioners and highlight areas for further research. In short celebrity endorsement is about endorsing products with the help from a celebrity. Consumer association towards a celebrity endorsed produced increases their purchase intention as many see the celebrity as a role model. However, it is important that the consumer can identify with the celebrity and that the celebrity? s image fits with the produced he or she endorses, only then will celebrity backing be an effective advertising strategy. . 2. Background and Definition Nowadays, celebrities are used in advertising in almost every context. Athletes such as Michael Ballack (Adidas) or Tiger Woods (Rolex) or models such as Cindy Crawford (Omega) or Heidi Klum (Katjes) endorse several products. These celebrities act as a spokesperson in order to advertise and promote products (Kambitsis et al. , 2002). Celebrities can create more positive responses to wards advertising and greater purchase intentions than non-celebrity endorsers (Byrne et al. , 2003). Using celebrity as an endorser for a given product can either be positive or negative for a company/brand. A campaign that turned out successfully was the campaign with Jamie Oliver as an endorser for the supermarket chain J. Sainsbury. The successful format of the TV production â€Å"The naked chef† provided an ideal platform to use for the advertising campaign within a context relevant for J. Sainsbury? s desire (Byrne, 2003). An example of a campaign that did not turn out successful was when J. Sainsbury used the actor John Cleese in the â€Å"value to shout about† campaign in 1998. Employees and customers alike felt that Cleese was not the right personality to personify the supermarket’s quality image (Whitehead, 2003). In the literature there are two different definitions of celebrity endorsers used. The definitions used are: â€Å"A celebrity endorser is an individual who is known to the public (actor, sports figure, entertainer, etc. ) for his or her achievements in areas other than that of the product class endorsed†. (Friedman, 1979, p. 63) â€Å"Any individual who enjoys public recognition and who uses the recognition on behalf of a consumer good by appearing with it in an advertisement†. McCracken, 1989, p. 310) In other words these definitions says that an individual who is known to the public in different ways. The individual is famous and utilizes his or her publicity to advertise a product that does not have anything to do with the individual fame. I consider McCracken? s definition as the most informative one as it is short and concise. The definition gives a clear view of what a celebrity endorser is. Previous studies have been done on consumers? response to celebrity endorsement in advertising. Results of these studies show that celebrities make advertising believable and enhance message recall. Furthermore, when celebrities are recognized with brand names, it creates a positive attitude toward the brand and a distinct personality for the endorsed brand. In the following chapter the method used for this review will be introduced. The chapter will start with how a literature review is defined, followed by the literature search, method problems and quality standards. 2. 1. Definition of literature review Conducting a literature review is about understanding a topic that has already been addressed, how it has been researched by other authors, and what the key issues are (Hart, 1998). According to the author Chris Hart (1998) the definition of a literature review is the selection of available documents; both published and unpublished (in my review I will only study published academic documents), on the topic, which contains information, ideas, data and evidence written from a particular standpoint. 2. 2. Literature search, methodology used When searching for articles I used the databases Emerald, Ebsco and ProQuest. These databases were used because of the highest ranked journals in the field of marketing were listed there. I used the article Journal quality list (2008) issued by Harzading. com, research in international and cross-cultural management. High ranked journals increase the validity of the thesis, as validity is defined as â€Å"The ability of a scale or measuring instruments to measure what is intended to be measured†(Zinkmund, 2000). I also tried to find books relevant to the topic by using the library here at Les Roches International School of Hotel management as well as the library database google. scholar. . 3. Description of sub-topics Purchase intentions: Describes what impact the celebrity endorser has on the consumers purchase intentions. A consumer is more likely to purchase complex or expensive products which are endorsed by celebrities rather than by non-celebrities. Daneshvary and Schwer (2000) point purchase intention as an environment of associations between endo rsement and consumer, depending if the consumer can identify with that association and purpose. Consumers? association to celebrity endorsement/endorser: How consumers associate/have a connection towards the celebrity endorsement/endorser. If a company want a consumer to associate to an endorsed product it is important to choose an endorser who uses the product and where that use is a reflection of professional expertise (Daneshvary and Schwer, 2000). A formula 1 driver endorsing helmets is good, while a tennis player endorsing car polish is less good (ibid). Consumers? attitudes towards the endorser: The consumers? often have a positive attitude towards the product and the celebrity, despite the fact, that it is well known, that the endorser earned a lot when promoting the product (Cronley et al. 1999). Effectiveness of celebrity endorsement/endorsers: How effective is the usage of celebrity endorsement. It is, most likely, more effective to use celebrity endorsement constantly to increase the strength of the link between the celebrity and the endorsed brand. It is also more effective to use a celebrity who is not associated with another product (Till, 1998). Positive/negative effects of celebrity endorsement: the usa ge of celebrity endorsement can be both positive and /or negative, which can influence the company / brand in the end. For example, using celebrities can be very costly; also, celebrities might switch to a competitor, which would then increase the risk of a negative impact (Agrawal and Kamakura, 1995). However, in can be said that celebrities in advertising are widely spread and persistent and the marketing executives continue to utilize celebrity endorsement as an advertising strategy (ibid). Profitability of celebrity endorsement: The use of celebrity endorsement will hopefully lead to increased profitability. A study indicates that there is a positive impact of celebrity endorsement on the expected future profits, which recommends marketing managers to use celebrity endorsers in their advertising campaigns (Agrawal and Kamakura, 1995). Friedman/Friedman (1979)Does effectiveness of celebrity endorsement depend on the product? Interviews with 360 house wives Celebrity endorsements are not effective for all products Till (1998)What are the effects of celebrities endorsing more than 1 product? Case study with 99 students, who were shown different advertisings using the same celebrity endorserThe use of the same celebrity endorser to advertise for various products has got a negative impact on the efficiency of the ad, the product and the endorser. Atkin / Block (1983)Is celebrity endorsement effective in advertising and how does it influence customer purchase intentionsExperiment with 196 test persons, where each participant was shown 3 versions of an ad. Each version featuring a celebrity endorser and a non-celebrity. Advertising using celebrity endorsement is under special conditions more effective than using non-celebrities. Choi et al. (2005)How can celebrities be used successfully in advertising? How effective is the recall-value and the emotional response to celebrity advertising? Experiment with different groups of test persons. Advertising with celebrities is more effective than using non-celebrities under special conditions. Sanbonmatsu / Kardes (1988)How does the credibility of a celebrity affect the consumer purchasing intention? Interviews with 542 persons. Consumer purchasing intentions are more effected using celebrities than using non-celebrities. Tripp et al. (1994) How do consumers judge the celebrity endorsement, the ad and the brand, if the celebrity endorses various products? What are the effects on purchasing behaviour? First Study: interviews with 461 students. Second Study: Interview with 10 test persons. Simultaneous advertising trough the same celebrity has a negative effect on the ad, the product and the celebrity. Agrawal/Kamakura (1996)Which economical effects on advertising are there when using celebrities? Event-Study in regards to the effects on share prices trough the announcement of celebrity endorsementCelebrity endorsement can have a positive and a negative effect on share prices. Agrawal/Kamakura (1995)Can a single celebrity have a positive effect on the company? s value? Analysis of the share price of a company after announcing a celebrity endorserCelebrity endorsement can have a positive and a negative effect on share prices. Charbonneau / Garland (2005)How does a company find the right celebrity endorser for its products? Which criteria should be considered? Questionnaires: 414 marketing managers at 148 advertising companies.

The Black Swan

Before the discovery of Australia, all the world had never seen a black swan before. An impossible accomplishment in someones life before this time was referred to as â€Å" a black swan.† The mere sight of one black swan after the discovery of Australia negated the thousands of years of sightings of white swans and thinking they were the only species of swan. This generalization that was put on the term â€Å"black swan† before the british occupation of Australia is just an example of the illustration of the human mind and how one sighting can alter the mindset of thousands of years of thinking. The author Nassim Taleb has donated his whole life to philosophy, uncertainty, probability and finance. Starting as a chauffeur, Nassim worked his way up to become a businessman trader and later a university professor. By using his theory of Mediocristan and Extremistan, Taleb explains how the impact of the highly improbable affects all of us and personally each person has a handful of â€Å"black swans† which alter our lives for the better , or the worse. Mediocristan are easy to predict events that are easy to mentally compute, while extremistan are events that are unpredictable and affect the world in a major way. The Black Swan by Nassim Taleb is a nonfiction philosophy book that expresses one mans theory on rare human events that happen without warning, yet greatly impact the world as we know it. This book can be seen as a memoir of Taleb’s life and how his research has been his black swan, and has driven him to take risks and go greater distances than he would have without the incentive. The purpose of this book is to inform the reader of the impact of the highly unpredictable. A black swan , in terms of an event has 3 properties, 1. It is hard to predict based on historical information, 2. Low predictability – High consequence , 3. The events are perspectively unpredictable yet retrospectively predictable. The black swan events happen in everyones lives, or at least â€Å"affect† everyone lives. For example one of the most famous black swans in recent history is the invention of the computer and world wide web. Originally seen as a stock bubble by intel, is now a multi trillion dollar industry and a large part of the world are in contact with it. The book embarks on many peoples journeys and encounters with black swans, all encounters were unexpected but altered the peoples lives in a major way. The book takes place in Lebanon but mostly New York, where ironically many of the black swans happen. Having to do with different mathematical formulas, Taleb’s book hits the major focal points of rare events and that everyone encounters them making all people black swans in there own way. This book should be read by anyone interested in philosophy or the stock market. Although people don’t see it this way, but the stock market is directly affected by black swans and such things mentioned in the book as Gaussin’s bell curve or mediocristan and extremistan. These formulas and theory’s affect the market and affect the life of people. This book was very interesting and after reading it, the reader gets a different view on life and how major events in there life time, ex. ( 9/11, invention of the computer†¦) affect there life and impact there day to day progress as a human being.

Investigating The Effect Of Sa essays

Investigating The Effect Of Sa essays The aim of my experiment is to find the salt concentration in a potato tuber. I predict that osmosis will occur between the potato tubers and the solutions. I think that the potato tubers in distilled water will increase in length and mass while the potato tubers in the 100% salt solution will decrease in mass and length. Somewhere between these two solutions is the salt concentration of a potato tuber. There are several reasons that I have made my prediction above. I have knowledge about osmosis from previous experiments and I know that it is a special case of diffusion. Water molecules pass through a partially permeable membrane. In this experiment the partially permeable membrane will be the potato tuber cell membrane and I will be testing for the concentration of salt in the potato tubers. I know that when osmosis occurs water molecules travel from a high concentration to a lower concentration. In my experiment the concentration of the solution will be varied so when the concentration of the potato tubers are higher than that of the solution, the potato tubers will become smaller and lighter because the will have lost water. Osmosis is a special case of diffusion in which water molecules move from an area of high water concentration to an area of lower water concentration through a partially permeable membrane. A partially permeable membrane is porous but allows water to pass through it more rapidly than the dissolved substance because the water molecules are much smaller. A dilute solution contains, in effect, more water molecules than a concentrated solution. This is because in a concentrated solution the salt dissolves in water and the salt molecules attract some of the water molecules and stop them moving freely. This means that there are more free water molecules in the dilute solution. There is a diffusion gradient that favours the passage of water from the dilute to the concentrated solution. The water potential o...

Bellamy and Spencer

Bellamy and Spencer Introduction The following research paper explains how Bellamy and Spencer differ in the novel ‘Looking Backward from 2000-1887’.This essay also examines the Bellamy’s ideal future and also critically examines as to whether or not people can live in Bellamy’s world.’Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Bellamy and Spencer specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Looking Backward from 2000-1887’ is a utopian novel that was published by Edward Bellamy in 1888.Edward Bellamy was a Massachusetts renowned writer. In this novel, a thirty year-old American man by the name of Julian Wess wakes up after falling asleep for one hundred and thirteen years. After waking up, Julian Wess discovers that the society has done away with the class divisions.Also, he, he discovers that the same salary is given to workers all over the country and that poverty does not exist in the society. During the time that he was asleep, the United States had developed as a utopia society.Julian Wess is lucky to find Doctor Leete who guides him by showing him around and explaining to him all the recent developments that have taken place in the United States. Doctor Leete explains to him that the retirement age is 45 years and that resources are publicly owned. Edward Bellamy in his book powerfully criticizes capitalist society .The book is famous for its forceful arguments for abolition of the wages. The novel puts much emphasis on society’s freedom of choice with regards to pursuing occupations (Bellamy, 1929, P.3-6). How Bellamy and Spencer differ Both Edward Bellamy and Hilbert Spencer veered differently with regards to addressing the key economic and social issues. The two scholars attempted to address social and economic issues during the late 19th century between the period 1884 and 1899. Edward Bellamy’s idea in his major Utopian work’ Looking Backward,2000-1987â €™ were mainly nationalism i.e. a form of socialism where all the industries are owned by a nation and the economic inequality remains virtually unknown. Decisions concerning allocation of crucial economic resources are determined by the state. All important means of production such as power and land are publicly owned. Since the state owns all the resources, there is no personal income that is derived from ownership of the resources. Bellamy emphasized the adoption of militarization of labor and he believed that, workers should be organized into several industrial armies until they reach the retirement age.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to him, poverty can be eradicated if everyone does his or her industry duty accordingly. Bellamy held the view that workers should not be allowed to manage themselves because they may decide to choose slack pol icies which may cause the production capacity to fall. He was on the view that an economy which is based on mutual cooperation is beneficial as it is centrally planned and lacks any trace of competition (Rodgers, 2008, P.66-68). On the other hand, Hebert Spencer held a different view on how the society should be managed. Herbert Spencer was a sociologist and British Philosopher .Herbert Spencer emphasized on the application of the Darwinian evolutionary theory in the society. Darwinian evolutionary theory was coined by Charles Darwin in the mid 19th century. Charles Darwin held the view that species usually evolve as a result of natural selection and only the fittest species survive. According to this theory, survival for the fittest is a natural rule that must be followed by all the species failure to which they will die. In other words, those species including human beings that outwit others usually outlast and outplay them in order to survive. According to Darwinian evolutionary theory, the strongest in the society reign supreme whereas, the weak dies off. Charles Darwin argued that, for the society to evolve, the strong should continue to reign while on the other hand, the weak should die off. Herbert Spencer played an important role in developing the social Darwin’s theory. In fact, he was the one who coined the phrase ‘survival for the fittest’. He argued that, the freedom of individuals is greater than that of the community. According to him, government has an impact as far as progress of individual’s freedom is concerned. Spencer held the view that a clear distinction should be made between the meaning of the term ‘progress’ and ‘human happiness’. He further argued that ambiguity occurs with reference to these two definitions as progress is implied to mean human happiness for the reason that it enhances human happiness (Rodgers, 2008, P.66-68). Herbert Spencer was also on the view that the economic s ystem should be a leissez faire one i.e. one where the decision concerning the allocation of resources is made by the individuals based on price mechanism. According to Spencer, individuals should have the right to acquire and dispose off natural resources as they wish without any restrictions whatsoever. Spencer was on the view that individuals should also have freedom of choice and enterprise i.e. they should be free to purchase or hire the economic resources, organize the economic resources for production and lease or sell them in the market of their choice. The owners of resources should be free to use them as they wish.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Bellamy and Spencer specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Consumers on the other hand should be free to spend their earnings as they wish. According to him, firms should aim at maximizing their profits while the owners of land should aim at maximizing their re nt. Employees should aim at shifting to those occupations which are associated with higher rewards and the consumers should be willing to purchase those goods and services which maximizes their satisfaction (Spencer, 2010, P.285). Herbert Spencer also emphasized on the competition model which is characterized by a large number of buyers and sellers with each buyer and seller accounting for an insignificant share of business. According to Spencer, prices of goods and services should be based on the decisions of the producers and consumers. Government intervention should not exist as far as price control is concerned (Rodgers, 2008, P.66-68). A brief conversation between Bellamy and Spencer Bellamy told Spencer that the main reason why women in modern society are more efficient and happy like men is due to the fact that, each person is provided with an occupation which he or she is well adapted to. According to Bellamy ,both men and women should be treated equally (Bellamy,1929,P.3-6) .Spencer on his part argued that, women plays a greater role in the society and they should be more appreciated as compared to their male counterparts(Rodgers, 2008, P.66-68). Bellamy’s ideal future The book ‘Looking Backward: 2000-1887’ was aimed at stirring thoughts of future. Edward Bellamy gave a forecast of what he believed the 20 the century would be. Edward Bellamy was on the view that society will eventually solve its own problems and thus develop to a perfection state. He believed that the new society will deal with all the vices ranging from crime to loafing. Edward Bellamy believed that criminals and loafers compromised law and order in the society. Criminals according to him are not responsible persons in the society as they prefer to lead a live that is characterized by lawlessness and violence. According to him, the former society was based on injustice and lacked moral authority of dealing with criminals and violent classes in the society. Society did not play its rightful role of judging the irresponsible beings. He argued that the future society has the responsibility of finding the criminal class and change them to become responsible beings. He further argued that the role of the government should not be limited to maintaining peace and defending its citizens against aggression by enemies but rather, the government functions should be extended to protecting its citizens against hunger, nakedness and cold. Public enemies do not necessarily mean state enemies but rather those aspects that subjects people to deplorable living conditions.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The government should aim at meeting both physical and mental needs of its citizens. Society should act to punish corrupt individuals. The wealth machinery of the country should not be entrusted to only a few people such as the political class. With this regards, Bellamy held the view that there should be no politicians or political parties (Karier, 1986, P.101). Bellamy believed that it is important for human nature to change. In order for people to lead productive and meaningful lives in future, they should aim at changing their current motives of action. He argued that former society was characterized by government officials who misused their powers for their own reasons. His ideal future society should be constituted in such a way that it is impossible for an official to make any private profit or misuse power. His ideal society should not provide a state official with an opportunity to engage in corrupt activities .The social system should not offer premiums because of dishones ty (Bellamy, 1929, P.34-41). His ideal future is one the one which is egalitarian. Edward Bellamy in his novel ‘Looking Backward, 2000-1887’ prophesized that one day, the society would change into an orderly one that is free from violent strikes, severe economic recession and corruption in government and in business. Bellamy emphasized that people should struggle for a better society which is founded on radical egalitarianism. He was optimistic that a massive transformation will take place in future following the emergence of industrial forces in United States. He argued that democracy cannot exist in a society where there is massive economic and political inequality. He further argued that a healthy society is one where production is aimed for use and not for profit and work is redefined in such a manner that it each person performs those tasks which he or she is capable of accomplishing (Lipow, 1982, P.24). Bellamy advocated for subordination of women. Edward Bellamyà ¢â‚¬â„¢s ideal; future was a perfect world where people coexists in an orderly and harmonious manner. According to him, women should be totally liberated and they should be accorded equal treatment with men. Bellamy noted that women have been severely undermined over the last decades of his own time. Women’s movements were not highly regarded in the society due to lack of thoroughgoing commitment with regards to economic equality. Bellamy hoped that gender equality will prevail in the society. In order for gender equality to be enhanced in the society, Bellamy noted that the society should move shift from being economic dependence to economic independence (Bedford, 1966, P.14). Edward Bellamy held the view that in future, productivity should be high. He hoped that the future of leisure will look bright. According to him, increased production in the future would be enhanced by the widespread use of automation. He was on the opinion that leisure should be abundant in future. Fo r leisure to be abundant in future, Bellamy held the view that the number work week should be reduced (Atkinson, 2004, P.303). Edward Bellamy hoped to live in a society which is comprised of an industrial army. Bellamy’s hoped that the society should be based on a bureaucratic model. He was on the view that, power should be concentrated at the top. According to him, the officers who serve in the industrial army should also be the state’s officials. The military should be able to impose discipline over the tanks and this will ensure that tasks are accomplished in an efficient manner without conflicts and disorders. With regards to the industrial army, impersonal and unselfish goals would be discovered by the masses for which they would strive willingly (Bellamy, 1929, P.126). According to Bellamy, an ideal world is the one in which the educational system provides everyone to attain his or her educational goals. Bellamy was on the view that everyone should receive educat ion to the highest degree. He argued that by educating only a few people, a wide gap is created between the educated and the uneducated. Education according to him is vital as it enables people to communicate with one another. Education also plays an important role in eliminating brutishness (Patai, 1988, P.69). Edward Bellamy hoped to live in a world where there is no private commerce. According to him, individuals will not have the right to own property and dispose off natural resources as they wish. This implies that people will not have the right to income generated from the resources i.e. interest, rent and profit. Bellamy believed that the use of money as a medium of exchange should be abolished. According to him, commerce can be carried on without money. Trading whether domestic or international does not require the use of money. He argued that, when foreign trade was carried out by private enterprises, money was important as it helped in adjusting the complexities of transac tion but the future commerce will be carried out by nations as units. Bellamy argued that books of accounts will serve effectively to regulate the dealings of merchants across the globe. He further argued that custom duties are unnecessary .This is because a nation only imports those commodities which are requisites .The bureau of foreign exchange in each country plays an important role of managing it trading(Bellamy,1929,P.34-41). Bellamy wished to live in a society where the government runs everything .According to him, the state should not only own all the resources but also regulate and control strategic resources. The government should intervene in the economy in order to create a framework of rules and regulations. According to him, the creation and enforcement of rules and regulations is only possible by having a society that is hierarchically organized. The government is vested with the role of promoting the general welfare of its citizens. According to Bellamy, the governme nt should ensure that there is equitable distribution of wealth (Bellamy, 1929, P.34-41). Bellamy wished that in future, labor interest should not be present as it is a major challenge. According to him, the government should assume the responsibilities of capital in order to solve labor related issues. The government by virtue of being a sole employer will ensure that all its citizens are provided with tasks which they perform enthusiastically and efficiently. The future government should take into consideration the industry’s needs before distributing its employees. According to him, the principle of universal military service should be adopted in addressing the labor issues. He was on the view that, every individual will be obliged to contribute his or her military services to protect the state once the society changes into a sole capitalist. Each citizen will thus contribute a substantial proportion of his or her intellectual services towards the maintenance of the countr y. This is achievable only when the sate becomes the sole employer of its citizens .Indeed, there can be no labor organization in a situation where the employing power is divided among many individuals and corporations (Bellamy, 1929, P.34-41). Bellamy’s ideal future is one where service is not compulsory upon all the individuals but rather a natural and reasonable aspect. According to him, the society should move from a situation where service is compulsory as this is a weak way of stating its absolute inevitableness. The entire social order should not be based on compulsory service for survival because, if a man has no means to provide for his or her existence, then he or she may decide to exclude him or herself from the world by committing suicide (Bellamy, 1929, P.34-41). Bellamy also held the view that the number of volunteers in any kind of trade should be exactly the same number that is required in that trade .In other words, the supply of volunteers should always meet the demand. Businesses have the role of ensuring that the supply of volunteers in any trade equals the demand. Volunteering rate should be closely monitored and if the number of volunteers exceeds the number required, then the trade should be understood to offer greater attraction as compared to others. However, if the volunteers for a given trade fall below the demand, then the trade should be inferred as tough. The administration has the role of ensuring that the attractions of various trades equalizes. This is important as it will ensure that labor conditions are addressed. Bellamy held the view that people should engage in those trades which they have a natural interest in. This is achieved by varying the number of labor hours according to the nature of trade’s arduousness. According to him, a person should not engage himself or herself in those tasks which are harder to be accomplished (Bellamy, 1929, P.34-41). Bellamy was on the view that, one does not necessarily have to stick to a trade or occupation which he or she initially entered. Thus, one may change his or her occupation later in life despite the fact that changing occupation frequently is not encouraged. Every person has the right of volunteering in an industry which he or she deems fit (Bellamy, 1929, P.34-41). Bellamy also held the view that the term of service should not be lengthy or for life. According to him, the term of service should begin late in life and also end earlier .Leete explains to Wess that workshops in former society were filled with young children and old people. Bellamy believes that the term of industrial service should be 24 years and it should begin after one completes his or her education at 21.The term for industrial service should end after one attains forty-five years. According to him, terminating at 45 provides one with an opportunity of remaining liable to special calls in emergency cases (Bellamy, 1929, P.34-41). We are yet to live in Bellamy’s wor ld as most of things that he envisioned are unrealistic and cannot be applicable in modern society. The future is not dependent on what we believe i.e. utopias does not exist. Utopia is in fact dynamic and therefore, a social system should be willing and ready to change in order to survive. The paths that individuals choose to follow plays an important role in determining whether they will live well lives in future or not. However, the increased use of technology has made it possible to assign machines with the role of making decisions. In the modern world, machines are used in virtually all areas. Electronic computers have enhanced accomplishment of complex tasks. In today’s world, people are able to live long and healthy as a result of innovations .The advents in science and technology have made it possible for an individual’s achievements to be based on his or her pursuits and not the amount of wealth and property that he or she acquires. Living in Bellamy’s world The world that Bellamy envisions is the one that will respect the rights of every individual regardless of his or her skin color,age,tribe e.t.c.The world will ensure that love prevails all over the place as people will love for others sake. True love is characterized by lack of envy or selfishness. Everybody would wish to, live in Bellamy’s world where public goods like education are adequately provided to all. His world would play an important role in shifting resources in pursuit of a grand scheme such as rapid industrialization .Also, it would ensure greater equality in income distribution and monopoly would not be encouraged. Everyone would be happy to live in Bellamy’s world that is characterized with beauty and general goodness. This world is however not achievable in modern times due to such reasons as Bellamy’s world would not result to a higher growth rate .there would be no self interest in pursuit of personal goods. In the absence of profit mot ive in production, there is no incentive for hard work and innovations. This will eventually give rise to inefficiencies in terms of low output per worker. Higher rate of economic growth cannot be achieved. This is because of lack of incentives available for hard work and quality of work. Usually, high level of skills and motivated by extra pay or profits. Living in Bellamy’s world will compromise the concept of consumer sovereignty. People will not have power to determine not only what is produced and what quality but also, how resources are allocated. In general, people are more sovereign in a free market economy where commodities are produced in line with their preferences. Also, the lack of competition in Bellamy’s world implies that, efficient allocation of resources between competing users will be undermined. Reference List Atkinson, R. (2004).The past and future of Americas economy: long waves of innovation that power cycles of growth.Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Pu blishing. Bedford, H. (1966).Socialism and the workers in Massachusetts, 1886-1912.Boston: Univ of Massachusetts Press. Bellamy, E. (1929).Looking backward, 2000-1887.New York: Forgotten Books. Patai, D. (1988).Looking backward, 1988-1888: essays on Edward Bellamy.Boston: Univ of Massachusetts Press. Karier, C. (1986).The individual, society, and education: a history of American educational ideas.Chicago: University of Illinois Press. Lipow, A. (1982).Authoritarian socialism in America: Edward Bellamy the nationalist movement. New York: University of California Press. Rodgers, D. (2008).Debugging the link between social theory and social insects.Louisiana: LSU Press. Spencer, H. (2010).The Study of Sociology.London: READ BOOKS.